From mice to men: Murine models of colorectal cancer for use in translational research

Evans, Jonathan P; Sutton, Paul; Winiarski, Bolesław; Fenwick, Stephen; Malik, Hassan; Vimalachandran, Dale; Tweedle, E; Costello, Eithne; Palmer, Daniel H.; Park, B. Kevin; Kitteringham, Neil R.

doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.10.009

Cited by 38 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…There is also significant variation in tumor and cachexia development between and within rodent strains that can be attributed, at least in part, to differences in laboratory practices relating to cell storage conditions, passage number, and injection site (80). Genetically engineered mouse models such as the Apc Min/ϩ mouse have also been used in cancer cachexia research, but genetically engineered mouse models can be limited by variability in the incidence of invasive cancers as well as the considerable expense and time required to develop and maintain colonies (34,91). Another major limitation of these models is that the tumor burden is much greater and develop at a much faster pace than that seen in humans, and therefore tumor-derived factors may not play as important as a role in human cardiac cachexia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the models used in cardiac cachexia in cancer research have been those requiring the injection of cancer cells previously obtained from donor animals (i.e., C-26 model), which were exposed to carcinogenic agents and therefore lack the natural tumor development seen in humans (91). Moreover, the tumors express the rodent homologs of human tumor genes, which may impact on the testing of targeted therapies and the translation of results (34). There is also significant variation in tumor and cachexia development between and within rodent strains that can be attributed, at least in part, to differences in laboratory practices relating to cell storage conditions, passage number, and injection site (80).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The pathogenesis and treatment of cardiac atrophy in cancer cachexia

Murphy

2016

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass associated with significant functional impairment. In addition to a loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, many patients with cancer cachexia also experience cardiac atrophy, remodeling, and dysfunction, which in the field of cancer cachexia is described as cardiac cachexia. The cardiac alterations may be due to underlying heart disease, the cancer itself, or problems initiated by the cancer treatment and, unfortunately, remains largely underappreciated by clinicians and basic scientists. Despite recent major advances in the treatment of cancer, little progress has been made in the treatment of cardiac cachexia in cancer, and much of this is due to lack of information regarding the mechanisms. This review focuses on the cardiac atrophy associated with cancer cachexia, describing some of the known mechanisms and discussing the current and future therapeutic strategies to treat this condition. Above all else, improved awareness of the condition and an increased focus on identification of mechanisms and therapeutic targets will facilitate the eventual development of an effective treatment for cardiac atrophy in cancer cachexia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pathogenesis and treatment of cardiac atrophy in cancer cachexia

Murphy

2016

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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“…Animal models are traditionally used to model cell transformation, EMT, and metastasis processes but have limitations due to the inability to take into account and control all experimental variables, as well as the insufficient resolution of the used analytical methods 35 . Despite the fact that in vitro models provide a simplified view of the processes occurring during oncogenesis, they present a powerful tool that complements within in vivo research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetocontrolled protein membranes for cell cultures co-cultivation

Minin

Tiuchai

Rodionov

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Investigation of cells and tissues in vitro systems is an attempt to simplify the very complex interactions between the various cell types from multicellular organisms.Monolayer cell cultures with single cell type do not allow to show all the possible paracrine interactions between various types of cells. To analyze intercellular interactions, it is possible to use systems that co-cultivate several cell types. This article proposes a new cell co-cultivation system based on levitation in the magnetic field in the culture medium of a magnetic protein membrane with cells. The developed system of co-cultivation of cells can be made in any laboratory of available reagents and have a low manufacturing cost.

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“…Xenograft mouse and rat animal models have been established using human colorectal cancer cell lines providing insight into the biological actions and might establish a molecular basis for the development of systemic new cancer therapeutic agents [17–19]. In these models however, intra-arterial approaches via the groin artery are not feasible to perform or have only a limited applicability and versatility due to the small animal and vessel size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of human metastatic colorectal cancer model in rabbit liver: A pilot study

et al. 2017

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Rationale and objectivesTo develop a human metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) model in a rabbit liver.Materials and methodsImmunosuppression in 4 adult New Zealand White rabbits weighing 3.5 to 4.5 kg was induced with daily subcutaneous injection of 15 mg/kg Cyclosporine A (CsA). On day 3 open mini-laparotomy was performed and 0.2 ml (1.8x105 cells) suspension of HCT-116 and HT-29 human CRC cells were injected into the left and right medial lobe respectively. On day 10 the CsA dose was reduced to 10 mg/kg daily maintenance dose. Rabbits were weighed weekly, closely monitored for CsA side effects (weight loss, gingival hyperplasia and gut modification). Rabbits were sacrificed 5, 6, 7, and 8 weeks after cells injection. Liver tumors were collected for histopathology and immunohistochemical analysis.ResultsHT-29 Tumor growth was observed in 3 rabbits (75%). Tumors measured 3, 4 and 6 mm after 5, 6 and 8 weeks respectively. Microscopically, tumors contained hyperchromatic, pleomorphic cells that stained for monoclonal carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), polyclonal CEA, cytokeratin 20, vascular markers (CD31, CD34), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by immunohistochemistry, supporting involvement by the poorly differentiated HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line. No gross tumor growth or microscopic viability was observed from HCT-116 cell injection. CsA extra-hepatic manifestations included minimal gum hyperplasia and decrease in gut motility in 3 rabbits (75%), which was treated with Azithromycin 15 mg/kg and Cisapride 0.5 mg/kg every 12 hours, respectively.ConclusionWe successfully developed a human metastatic colon cancer model in immunosuppressed rabbit liver using HT-29 cells.

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From mice to men: Murine models of colorectal cancer for use in translational research

Cited by 38 publications

References 95 publications

The pathogenesis and treatment of cardiac atrophy in cancer cachexia

The pathogenesis and treatment of cardiac atrophy in cancer cachexia

Magnetocontrolled protein membranes for cell cultures co-cultivation

Establishment of human metastatic colorectal cancer model in rabbit liver: A pilot study

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