From Microcars to Heavy-Duty Vehicles: Vehicle Performance Comparison of Battery and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles

Sagaria, Shemin; Moreira, A.L.N.; Margarido, F.; Baptista, Patrícia

doi:10.3390/vehicles3040041

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Te fuzzy number B is defuzzifed once the linguistic values are transformed into fuzzy numbers A and B. Te number is then rooted and that value is multiplied by the value of the fuzzy number A [55]. Te average value of the fuzzy number A was calculated to account for each employee's opinion when determining the weight of the criteria.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of EVs as Tourist and Logistic Means of Transportation in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Nature Protected Areas Using Z-Number and Rough Set Modeling

Puška,

Štilić,

Božanić

et al. 2023

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society

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This research focuses on the use of electric vehicles (EVs) to transport visitors and cargo within Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Kozara National Park. Reduced air pollution and the preservation of natural resources are required to help protect this aerial spa. Together with the expert employees of this NP, the EV that would best suit their needs was chosen. The process of decision-making combines subjective and objective methods. Employees first chose the criteria and alternatives and then weighed their importance. On that occasion, Z-numbers were used to include uncertainty in the decision, because it is not always possible to make decisions with complete certainty. Furthermore, the weight of these criteria was determined using the fuzzy PIPRECIA (PIvot Pairwise Relative Criteria Importance Assessment) method. Range (C1) became the most important criterion, followed by vehicle cost (C2), and the technical specifications of these EVs were used to compare them. Because these specifications vary, a rough set was used in which the minimum and maximum EV characteristics were taken based on specific criteria. To rank the alternatives, the R-CRADIS (Rough Compromise Ranking of Alternatives with Distance to Ideal Solution) method was used. According to the research results, the Mercedes eVito Tourer 90 kWh is the highest ranked EV and the validation of the results confirmed these findings. According to the research results, the Mercedes eVito Tourer 90 kWh is the highest ranked EV and the validation of the results confirmed these findings. The sensitivity analysis revealed that if criterion C1 is not as important, the other EVs are ranked higher. This research`s methodology has demonstrated flexibility, therefore it is recommended for use in similar research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of EVs as Tourist and Logistic Means of Transportation in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Nature Protected Areas Using Z-Number and Rough Set Modeling

Puška,

Štilić,

Božanić

et al. 2023

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society

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“…Studies mentioned in [94,96] analyzed the FCEV costs concerning other available vehicle types. Because the fuel cell stacks are not mass-produced, their price remains much higher than most ICE or electric vehicles.…”

Section: Challenges and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewability and Robustness Analysis and Review for Sustainable-Technology Propulsion Systems in Modern Transportation Infrastructure Administration

Covaci,

Gălătuș,

Petreuș

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Recently, major climate events highlighted the increasing need to use sustainable technologies in the transportation domain. Energy production infrastructure, storage, and propulsion systems still rely on non-sustainable technology for economic growth. Therefore, this study reviews the modern transportation propulsion systems and transportation infrastructure components, describing the possible outcomes for several future directions based on prototypes and study advances. The in-production vehicles were reviewed for providing immediate, robust, and renewable solutions for the existing non-sustainable transportation infrastructure. The study continues with extended-capability vehicles and their limitations and vulnerability based on the current infrastructural circumstances. An alternative energy transfer infrastructure has been concluded to possibly provide the necessary capabilities to approach a neutral carbon footprint and mitigate ongoing climate adverse events. The hypothetical prototype uses distance energy transfer to bypass the described environmental constraints and provide a direction for achieving a possibly sustainable and economically evolving infrastructure.

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“…Electric mobility, based on battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and on fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) fed by green hydrogen (produced by renewable energy sources, RESs), is expected to play a key role in the decarbonization of the transportation sector [2]. With their differences in driving range, energy density, and recharging/refuelling, BEVs and FCEVs technologies can replace fossil fuel-based vehicles [3]. In fact, BEVs are more suitable for light-duty vehicles and short-range use, while FCEVs can be used when longer ranges are required (i.e., trucks, long-distance buses) [4] or when electrification is critical (i.e., power trains, ferries).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Costs Analysis of Hydrogen Refuelling Stations Based on Different Hydrogen Sources and Plant Configurations

et al. 2022

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In this study, the authors present a techno-economic assessment of on-site hydrogen refuelling stations (450 kg/day of H2) based on different hydrogen sources and production technologies. Green ammonia, biogas, and water have been considered as hydrogen sources while cracking, autothermal reforming, and electrolysis have been selected as the hydrogen production technologies. The electric energy requirements of the hydrogen refuelling stations (HRSs) are internally satisfied using the fuel cell technology as power units for ammonia and biogas-based configurations and the PV grid-connected power plant for the water-based one. The hydrogen purification, where necessary, is performed by means of a Palladium-based membrane unit. Finally, the same hydrogen compression, storage, and distribution section are considered for all configurations. The sizing and the energy analysis of the proposed configurations have been carried out by simulation models adequately developed. Moreover, the economic feasibility has been performed by applying the life cycle cost analysis. The ammonia-based configurations are the best solutions in terms of hydrogen production energy efficiency (>71%, LHV) as well as from the economic point of view, showing a levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) in the range of 6.28 EUR/kg to 6.89 EUR/kg, a profitability index greater than 3.5, and a Discounted Pay Back Time less than five years.

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From Microcars to Heavy-Duty Vehicles: Vehicle Performance Comparison of Battery and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

Selection of EVs as Tourist and Logistic Means of Transportation in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Nature Protected Areas Using Z-Number and Rough Set Modeling

Selection of EVs as Tourist and Logistic Means of Transportation in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Nature Protected Areas Using Z-Number and Rough Set Modeling

Renewability and Robustness Analysis and Review for Sustainable-Technology Propulsion Systems in Modern Transportation Infrastructure Administration

Design and Costs Analysis of Hydrogen Refuelling Stations Based on Different Hydrogen Sources and Plant Configurations

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