From microstructure to mechanical properties of compatibilized polylactide/thermoplastic starch blends

Nezamzadeh, Seyed Ali; Ahmadi, Zahed; Taromi, Faramarz Afshari

doi:10.1002/app.44734

Cited by 16 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…have compatibilized PLA/TPS blend with MA. The PLA/TPS blend compatibilized with 2 wt % MA showed 45% improvement in modulus compared to the PLA/TPS blend without MA …”

Section: Principle and Mechanism Of In Situ Compatibilization Of Polymentioning

confidence: 96%

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Biodegradable compatibilized polymer blends for packaging applications: A literature review

Muthuraj

Misra

Mohanty

2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

307

183

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The majority of materials used for short-term and disposable packaging application are non-biodegradable which are not satisfying the demands in environmental safety and sustainability. Biodegradable polymers are an alternative for these nonbiodegradable materials. The biodegradable polymeric materials can degrade in a reasonable time period without causing environmental problems. However, biodegradable polymers possess some limitations such as comparatively high cost, insufficient mechanical performances, and inferior thermal stability to extend their widespread application in packaging industry. To overcome these limitations, one of the most commonly used strategies is melt blending of dissimilar biodegradable polymers. Unfortunately, most of the biodegradable polymer blends exhibit insufficient performance because they are thermodynamically immiscible as well as exhibit poor compatibility between the blended components. It has been established that the compatibilization is a well-known strategy to improve the performances of the immiscible biodegradable polymer blends by enhancing the adhesion between the phases. As a result, recent studies focus on various compatibilizers to enhance the performances of the resulting biodegradable polymer blends. This review summarizes the recent developments on a variety of biodegradable polymer blends compatibilized by melt processing with a main focus of ex situ and in situ compatibilization strategies.

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“…have compatibilized PLA/TPS blend with MA. The PLA/TPS blend compatibilized with 2 wt % MA showed 45% improvement in modulus compared to the PLA/TPS blend without MA …”

Section: Principle and Mechanism Of In Situ Compatibilization Of Polymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The MA concentration was a crucial parameter to maintain the strength of the PLA/PPC blend while improving the toughness because MA can act as plasticizer when it exceeds an optimal concentration. Ali Nezamzadeh et al . have compatibilized PLA/TPS blend with MA.…”

Section: Principle and Mechanism Of In Situ Compatibilization Of Polymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradable compatibilized polymer blends for packaging applications: A literature review

Muthuraj

Misra

Mohanty

2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

307

183

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“…Starch has been used as a natural renewable polymer with wide applications due to its complete biodegradability, availability, modifiability and low cost. Some researchers have reported the production of biodegradable films using starch with the incorporation of advanced materials . Several results acquired are promising, as starch‐based films have been demonstrated to be odorless, colorless, tasteless, nontoxic and biologically degradable .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some researchers have reported the production of biodegradable films using starch with the incorporation of advanced materials. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Several results acquired are promising, as starch-based films have been demonstrated to be odorless, colorless, tasteless, nontoxic and biologically degradable. [15][16][17] There are failures in the properties of starch, such as mechanical properties, processability, light permissibility, high hydrophilicity and dimensional stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and properties of thermoplastic starch/montmorillonite composite using dialdehyde starch as a crosslinker

Peidayesh

Ahmadi

Khonakdar

et al. 2020

Polymer International

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The poor mechanical properties and high water solubility of biodegradable thermoplastic starch (TPS) represent the main disadvantages of TPS in many applications. In this work, TPS film was prepared from a water solution of corn starch modified by 5 wt% dialdehyde starch (DAS) as crosslinking agent and 3 wt% montmorillonite (MMT) as reinforcing additive. Interactions occurring in the TPS films were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, XRD, DSC, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and TGA. The results obtained fom FTIR spectroscopy and DSC suggest the formation of hydrogen bond interactions between the hydroxyl group of starch, DAS, the MMT layers and glycerol. DMTA indicated that the relaxation of films with DAS and MMT appears in a higher and broader temperature range due to the starch backbone stiffness; the extreme increase in the storage modulus confirmed the suggested interactions. The determination of the weight loss of the films in water indicated a significant increase of the water resistance of TPS due to incorporation of DAS and MMT. Changes in mechanical properties of the films containing DAS and clay were determined, showing a substantial increase in tensile strength from 2.7 to 6.7 MPa, while Young's modulus increased by 15 times for TPS modified with 5% DAS and 3% MMT. Therefore, the outcomes of this study confirmed that DAS is a suitable biomacromolecule crosslinker for starch and can significantly enhance TPS and TPS/MMT properties. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…Several researchers reported the use of compatibilizers and peroxide initiators for production of reactive blends of PLA and TPS . MA is a common compatibilizer, extensively used for compatibilization of immiscible polymers . One of the main advantages of using MA in PLA and TPCS reactive blends is that MA has high reactivity with PLA functional groups (i.e., carboxyl and hydroxyl groups at the end of the chains) in the presence of initiators such as L101 or DCP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the toughening in poly(lactic acid)‐thermoplastic cassava starch reactive blends

Bher

Auras

Schvezov

2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), a physical blend of PLA and thermoplastic cassava starch (TPCS) (PLA‐TPCS), and reactive blends of PLA with TPCS using maleic anhydride as compatibilizer with two different peroxide initiators [i.e., 2,5‐bis(tert‐butylperoxy)‐2,5‐dimethylhexane (L101) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP)] PLA‐g‐TPCS‐L101 and PLA‐g‐TPCS‐DCP were produced and characterized. Blends were produced using either a mixer unit or twin‐screw extruder. Films for testing were produced by compression molding and cast film extrusion. Morphological, mechanical, thermomechanical, thermal, and optical properties of the samples were assessed. Blends produced with the twin‐screw extruder resulted in a better grade of mixing than blends produced with the mixer. Reactive compatibilization improved the interfacial adhesion of PLA and TPCS. Scanning electron microscopy images of the physical blend showed larger TPCS domains in the PLA matrix due to poor compatibilization. However, reactive blends revealed smaller TPCS domains and better interfacial adhesion of TPCS to the PLA matrix when DCP was used as initiator. Reactive blends exhibited high values for elongation at break without an improvement in tensile strength. PLA‐g‐TPCS‐DCP provides promising properties as a tougher biodegradable film. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46140.

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From microstructure to mechanical properties of compatibilized polylactide/thermoplastic starch blends

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Biodegradable compatibilized polymer blends for packaging applications: A literature review

Biodegradable compatibilized polymer blends for packaging applications: A literature review

Fabrication and properties of thermoplastic starch/montmorillonite composite using dialdehyde starch as a crosslinker

Improving the toughening in poly(lactic acid)‐thermoplastic cassava starch reactive blends

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