From national to international – challenges in cross-border multi-country, multi-vehicle foodborne outbreak investigations

Coulombier, D; Takkinen, Johanna

doi:10.2807/ese.18.11.20423-en

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Outbreaks and sporadic cases of foodborne disease are regular occurrences in all countries of the world. In recent decades, globalization of the food supply has also meant that pathogens causing foodborne diseases are rapidly transported across international borders [ 4 ]. Foodborne disease outbreaks have led to adverse impacts on trade and food security [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

World Health Organization Estimates of the Global and Regional Disease Burden of 22 Foodborne Bacterial, Protozoal, and Viral Diseases, 2010: A Data Synthesis

et al. 2015

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BackgroundFoodborne diseases are important worldwide, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. To our knowledge, we present the first global and regional estimates of the disease burden of the most important foodborne bacterial, protozoal, and viral diseases.Methods and FindingsWe synthesized data on the number of foodborne illnesses, sequelae, deaths, and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), for all diseases with sufficient data to support global and regional estimates, by age and region. The data sources included varied by pathogen and included systematic reviews, cohort studies, surveillance studies and other burden of disease assessments. We sought relevant data circa 2010, and included sources from 1990–2012. The number of studies per pathogen ranged from as few as 5 studies for bacterial intoxications through to 494 studies for diarrheal pathogens. To estimate mortality for Mycobacterium bovis infections and morbidity and mortality for invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica infections, we excluded cases attributed to HIV infection. We excluded stillbirths in our estimates. We estimate that the 22 diseases included in our study resulted in two billion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1.5–2.9 billion) cases, over one million (95% UI 0.89–1.4 million) deaths, and 78.7 million (95% UI 65.0–97.7 million) DALYs in 2010. To estimate the burden due to contaminated food, we then applied proportions of infections that were estimated to be foodborne from a global expert elicitation. Waterborne transmission of disease was not included. We estimate that 29% (95% UI 23–36%) of cases caused by diseases in our study, or 582 million (95% UI 401–922 million), were transmitted by contaminated food, resulting in 25.2 million (95% UI 17.5–37.0 million) DALYs. Norovirus was the leading cause of foodborne illness causing 125 million (95% UI 70–251 million) cases, while Campylobacter spp. caused 96 million (95% UI 52–177 million) foodborne illnesses. Of all foodborne diseases, diarrheal and invasive infections due to non-typhoidal S. enterica infections resulted in the highest burden, causing 4.07 million (95% UI 2.49–6.27 million) DALYs. Regionally, DALYs per 100,000 population were highest in the African region followed by the South East Asian region. Considerable burden of foodborne disease is borne by children less than five years of age. Major limitations of our study include data gaps, particularly in middle- and high-mortality countries, and uncertainty around the proportion of diseases that were foodborne.ConclusionsFoodborne diseases result in a large disease burden, particularly in children. Although it is known that diarrheal diseases are a major burden in children, we have demonstrated for the first time the importance of contaminated food as a cause. There is a need to focus food safety interventions on preventing foodborne diseases, particularly in low- and middle-income settings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

World Health Organization Estimates of the Global and Regional Disease Burden of 22 Foodborne Bacterial, Protozoal, and Viral Diseases, 2010: A Data Synthesis

et al. 2015

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“…The accurate determination of when outbreaks end allows enhanced surveillance activities and public health interventions to be relaxed safely. 55 In this article, we have introduced various epidemiological modelling approaches that can be used to For more on foodborne disease, see Coulombier & Takkinen (2013). For more on plant and animal outbreaks, see Wilkinson et al (2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Do Epidemics End? Scientific Insights from Mathematical Modelling Studies

Linton¹,

Lovell-Read²,

Southall³

et al. 2022

Centaurus

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“…The value of any data-generating process ultimately resides in the degree to which the produced information to be meaningfully understood and analyzed whether simple or specialized. [1][2][3] This method is a powerful tool for genome characterization that has led to the construction of the physical map of bacterial chromosomes specifically food-borne pathogens. It has been used for over a decade in epidemiologic studies and has proved to be a robust typing method for investigations of food-borne outbreaks and hospital epidemiology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology and Surveillance Program in Iran: Present Status and Future Prospect

Hajia

2018

Int J Epidemiol Res

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Background and aims: The food-borne pathogens appear to be a reemerging and endless problem in the human community all over the world. Hence, all the outbreaks should be constantly monitored for pandemic strains and new mutant genotypes. The main purpose behind the molecular typing methods is the comparison of bacterial isolates to obtain genomic relatedness regarding epidemiological aspects. One of these methods that have been recently reported in several Iranian studies is pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The aim of this study was to review and discuss the current situation and difficulties, and also the necessity of planning for tracking new and re-emerging food-borne pathogens investigating PFGE future status in Iran as a molecular epidemiology tool. Results: According to the results, it was found that this technique requires high investments in both fields of required equipment and software some of which are now available in many research centers. In addition, investigations on various medical search engines revealed that hundreds of studies have been published after 2010 in Iran. These reports indicated that most of these studies were not able to provide an efficient epidemiological analysis of the outbreaks and prevention of future events, except for a few exceptions. Conclusion: A review of the capabilities available in the country in this respect led the researchers to infer that it may be the best time to make a plan on the existence of a general network of collecting and analyzing the results, as well as integrating them into the international databases. It is expected that these responsible institutions to make the required design in this field.

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From national to international – challenges in cross-border multi-country, multi-vehicle foodborne outbreak investigations

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

World Health Organization Estimates of the Global and Regional Disease Burden of 22 Foodborne Bacterial, Protozoal, and Viral Diseases, 2010: A Data Synthesis

World Health Organization Estimates of the Global and Regional Disease Burden of 22 Foodborne Bacterial, Protozoal, and Viral Diseases, 2010: A Data Synthesis

When Do Epidemics End? Scientific Insights from Mathematical Modelling Studies

Molecular Epidemiology and Surveillance Program in Iran: Present Status and Future Prospect

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