From physiological neck myoclonus to sleep related head jerk

Wolfensberger, Beat; Ferri, Raffaele; Bianco, Giovanni; Abbafati, Manuel; Miano, Silvia; Kaelin‐Lang, Alain; Bassetti, Claudio; Manconi, Mauro

doi:10.1111/jsr.12831

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…1 In the present study, SRHJ often occurred with narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea, epilepsy, and other sleep disorders. SRHJ has ever been shown in a few young patients with type 2 narcolepsy, 2,3 which was also demonstrated in the present study, but the difference between type 1 and type 2 narcolepsy was insignificant. Narcolepsy is a unique sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and disrupted nighttime sleep, which is caused by defective REM regulation.…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

Electroclinical Features of Sleep-Related Head Jerk

Hu¹,

Ni²,

Pan³

et al. 2021

NSS

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To evaluate clinical and electrophysiological features of sleep-related head jerk (SRHJ) and electromyographic activity of superficial neck muscles during head jerk. Methods: Totally, 850 cases with video-polysomnography recording were collected, among which 50 presented with SRHJ. In these 50 patients, 15 underwent electromyography (EMG) check on bilateral sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and trapezius muscles as well as chin, while 35 had only chin EMG check. Further, the sensitivity and specificity of the both EMGs were calculated and compared. Results: Six among the 50 SRHJ patients had a primary complaint of involuntary head jerks associated with impaired sleep. Approximately 76.1% of head jerks occurred during REM sleep with the median head jerk index of 5.9/h, 64.5% of which were associated with electroencephalogram arousals and 66.4% with body movements. One patient showed SRHJ predominantly in NREM sleep but also in wakefulness. Surface EMG of SCM/ trapezius muscles showed a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 97.8%, whereas chin EMG had a sensitivity of 14.5% and a specificity of 98.8%. Conclusion: SRHJ was associated with electroencephalogram arousals and might interfere with sleep. Surface EMG of SCM/trapezius muscles exhibited a good accuracy in the revelation of SRHJ.

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supporting

confidence: 83%

Electroclinical Features of Sleep-Related Head Jerk

Hu¹,

Ni²,

Pan³

et al. 2021

NSS

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“…It has been initially considered as a physiological phenomenon since it was found in 35 %-54.6 % of normal subjects undergoing PSG [25,35]. Following reports confirmed NM as an incidental finding in routine VPSG, but with a negative impact on sleep, possibly through sleep fragmentation [45]. The higher prevalence found in our patients compared to controls, could possibly be explained as an epiphenomenon of sleep instability with frequent arousals that can lead to the most frequent appearance of physiological sleep events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasomnias, sleep-related movement disorders and physiological sleep variants in focal epilepsy: A polysomnographic study

Giuliano

Mainieri

Cicero

et al. 2020

Seizure

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The link existing between epilepsy and sleep is widely recognized. However, little is known about the prevalence and the clinical consequences of the comorbidity between focal epilepsy and sleep disorders, especially those sleep phenomena classified as isolated symptoms or normal variants. Objective of the study was to evaluate the frequency of sleep disorders and physiological sleep variants in a group of adult patients with focal epilepsy as compared to healthy controls by means of nocturnal polysomnography. Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study in the Neurological Clinic of the University of Catania in adult patients with a diagnosis of focal epilepsy and in a group of control subjects. All subjects underwent an overnight polysomnography. The following sleep disorders were considered: NREM-related parasomnias; REM-related parasomnias; sleep-related movement disorders; isolated symptoms or normal variants. Results: 100 patients [mean age 30.3 ± 14.7 years, 40 men] and 62 controls [mean age 36.4 ± 15.9, 20 men] were studied. A significant higher percentage of sleep disorders was recorded in patients as compared to controls (73 % vs 48.4 %; p = 0.002). In particular, we found a higher frequency of periodic limb movements (PLM) (20 % vs 4.8 %; p = 0.007), bruxism (20 % vs 4.8 %; p = 0.007) and neck myoclonus (22 % vs 4.8 %; p = 0.003). Moreover, alternating limb muscle activation was associated with sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (OR = 7.9; p = 0.01). Conclusion: Sleep disorders and physiological sleep variants are common in adult patients with focal epilepsy.

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“…On the untreated nights, frequent spontaneous startles were observed in both patients in NREM sleep only, associated with microarousals in N1 and N2 sleep, and with some sleep terrors with concomitant slow postarousal EEG activity in N3 sleep. No similar startles were found in REM sleep; however simple motor behaviors involving the face and upper limbs, and frequent sleep‐related head jerks (SRHJ), characterized by sudden flexion or version of the head were found in REM sleep in both sisters . Phasic and tonic chin mentalis EMG activities were also increased in REM sleep, being above the pathological cut off in both patients for the phasic (>15%) and for patient #1 for the tonic activity (>30%) (Fig.…”

Section: Case Seriesmentioning

confidence: 52%

Impaired glycinergic transmission in hyperekplexia: a model of parasomnia overlap disorder

Lopez

Rivier

Chelly

et al. 2019

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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We report sleep phenotypes and polysomnographic findings in two siblings with a novel homozygous variant of the GLRA1 gene causing hereditary hyperekplexia (HH). Both sisters had startles during wakefulness and sleep, sleep terrors, and one had symptoms of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). Frequent startles were found in NREM sleep associated with NREM parasomnias in deep sleep. In REM sleep, both had motor behaviors and increased phasic/tonic muscle activities confirming RBD. Clonazepam improved startles, motor behaviors, and muscle activities in REM sleep. Impaired glycinergic transmission in human HH could be involved in the pathophysiology of RBD and NREM parasomnias.

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From physiological neck myoclonus to sleep related head jerk

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Electroclinical Features of Sleep-Related Head Jerk

Electroclinical Features of Sleep-Related Head Jerk

Parasomnias, sleep-related movement disorders and physiological sleep variants in focal epilepsy: A polysomnographic study

Impaired glycinergic transmission in hyperekplexia: a model of parasomnia overlap disorder

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