From Place-Memories to Active Citizenship: The Potential of Geotagged User-Generated Content for Memory Scholarship

Difficult heritage on social network sites: An integrative review

“…Frequent attention ( N = 22 works) was dedicated to the legacy of WW2 in Europe (Arrigoni and Galani, 2019a, 2019b; Baumann, 2020; Birkner and Donk, 2020; Braun, 2016; Brentin, 2016; Damcevic and Rodik, 2018; Dobysh, 2019; Kaprāns, 2016; Khlevnyuk, 2019; Kist, 2020; Koskinen-Koivisto, 2019; Makhortykh, 2018; Makhortykh, 2020; Matila, 2021; Pogačar, 2011; Rutten, 2013; Sawczuk, 2020; Wells, 2016). Some studies focused on specific WW2-related topics, such as the Ustaše regime in Croatia between 1929 and 1945 (Brentin, 2016), the Finnish war (Matila, 2021), D-Day (Braun, 2016) and the Battle of Kyiv (Makhortykh, 2020).…”

“…Many works drew from memory studies by using two classic notions: Maurice Halbwachs’s ‘collective memory’ (Arrigoni and Galani, 2019a; Birkner and Donk, 2020; Brentin, 2016; Heimo, 2017; Khlevnyuk, 2019; Liu, 2018; Zhao and Liu, 2015) and Pierre Nora’s ‘lieux de mémoire’ (Arrigoni and Galani, 2019b; Baumann, 2020; Carter, 2015; Drinot, 2011; Farrell-Banks, 2019; Heimo, 2017; Ibrahim, 2016; Knudsen, 2016; Knudsen and Stage, 2013; Liboriussen and Martin, 2020; Zhao and Liu, 2015). Building on Pierre Nora, one study attached ‘memory to sites which are material as well as immaterial’, perceiving the Internet ‘as an immaterial space’ (Ibrahim, 2016); another critiqued Nora’s concept as single-layered and proposed instead to focus ‘on geolocative content’ of place ‘as the site of lived experience’ (Arrigoni and Galani, 2019b). Collective memory was also related to the notion of the construction of national identity (Farrell-Banks, 2019).…”

“…Two related terms, participation and crowdsourcing, considered as mechanisms for creating multiple interpretive perspectives and communicative realities, were illustrated in studies of conflicting stories of South Africa (Bosch, 2020), the Kashmir uprising (Osuri, 2019), intangible heritage in Turkey (Pietrobruno, 2014), Cambodia (Benzaquen, 2014), Rhodesia (Kirkegaard, 2017) and Poland (Arrigoni and Galani, 2019a). Second, there were several references to the notion of the ‘public sphere’, not only in its initial theorisation by Jürgen Habermas (Arrigoni and Galani, 2019b; Bonacchi et al, 2018; Knudsen and Andersen, 2019; Mylonas, 2017), but also considering the views of critics such as Nancy Fraser, Douglas Kellner or Todd Gitlin (Bosch, 2020; Mylonas, 2017).…”