From poor law society to the welfare state: school meals in Norway 1890s-1950s

Andresen, Astri; Elvbakken, Kari Tove

doi:10.1136/jech.2006.048132

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the last quarter of the 19th century, European philanthropists were the first to promote the idea of school meals as a way to fight childhood hunger. 2 Between 1900 and 1906, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Britain were the first countries to establish national provision of school meals and the idea of publicly-provided school meals soon spread across the globe as a central tool of welfare programs (Andersen and Elvbakken, 2007). Since the 1890s, many Norwegian cities have served hot meals at school (Elvbakken and Lindstrøm, 2003).…”

Section: Institutional Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These hot meals were served at the end of the school day. In the 1920s, these hot meals were increasingly criticized for their lack of nutrition and vegetables (Andersen and Elvbakken, 2007). Carl Schiøtz, the medical officer responsible for the schools in Oslo from 1919 to 1931, was one of the greatest opponents of the hot school meal.…”

Section: Institutional Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Childhood nutrition and labor market outcomes: Evidence from a school breakfast program

Bütikofer

Mølland

Salvanes

2018

Journal of Public Economics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While a growing literature documents the short-term effects of public programs providing children with nutritious food, there is scarce evidence of the long-term effects of such programs. This paper studies the long-term consequences of access to nutritious food using the rollout of a free school breakfast program in Norwegian cities. This program provided children with nutritious food and replaced a hot school meal at the end of the day with similar caloric value but less micronutrients. Our results indicate that access to a nutritious school breakfast increases education by 0.1 years and earnings by 2-4 percent. * The authors thank the Norwegian Research Council for financial support (grant number 240321). We gratefully acknowledge comments from Na'ama Shenhav, Gordon Dahl, David Figlio, and seminar participants at

show abstract

Section: Institutional Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Institutional Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood nutrition and labor market outcomes: Evidence from a school breakfast program

Bütikofer

Mølland

Salvanes

2018

Journal of Public Economics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The breakfast was driven primarily by nutritional concerns and sought to give children the correct amount of the "right" foods that contained scientifically determined amounts of vitamins and minerals. In 1935, the Labor Party controlled Oslo city council turned the program into a universal measure available to all who wished to partake, while in Bergen the meals were restricted to those who demonstrated economic need (Andresen and Elvbakken 2007). In the early 1950s, about half the children in Oslo ate the breakfasts.…”

Section: Oslo Breakfast and Matpakkenmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Surprising Lack of Lunch

Rutledge

2015

Food, Culture & Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Unlike its Nordic peers, Norway has never created a national school meals program. This paper explores the non-emergence of this policy using insights from historical institutionalism and the literature on gender ideology to consider how ideas and institutions interact in the creation of policy. The paper argues that both the ideational factor of gender ideology that saw women as caregivers and not earners, and the institutional factor of an agricultural policy that did not produce surpluses, interacted in such a way as to remove school lunches from the policy agenda in the 1930s and 1940s.

show abstract

“…2 Between 1900 and 1906, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Britain were the first countries to establish national provision of school meals and the idea of publicly-provided school meals soon spread across the globe as a central tool of welfare programs (Andersen and Elvbakken, 2007). Since the 1890s, many Norwegian cities have served hot meals at school (Elvbakken and Lindstrøm, 2003).…”

Section: Institutional Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%