From record performance to hypoxia tolerance: respiratory transition in damselfish larvae settling on a coral reef

Nilsson, Göran; Östlund‐Nilsson, Sara; Penfold, Rose; Grutter, Alexandra S.

doi:10.1098/rspb.2006.3706

Cited by 67 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The methods for measuring resting O 2 consumption (MO 2rest as described by Nilsson & Östlund-Nilsson 2004) and maximal O 2 uptake using swim respirometry (MO 2max as described by Nilsson et al 2007) followed the protocols described by Nilsson et al (2009). Briefly, the respirometry chamber for measuring resting O 2 consumption consisted of a plexiglass cylinder (internal diameter: 80 mm) that could be sealed at both ends.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interacting effects of elevated temperature and ocean acidification on the aerobic performance of coral reef fishes

Munday¹,

Crawley²,

Nilsson³

2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

208

174

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Concerns about the impacts of ocean acidification on marine life have mostly focused on how reduced carbonate saturation affects calcifying organisms. Here, we show that levels of CO 2 -induced acidification that may be attained by 2100 could also have significant effects on marine organisms by reducing their aerobic capacity. The effects of temperature and acidification on oxygen consumption were tested in 2 species of coral reef fishes, Ostorhinchus doederleini and O. cyanosoma, from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. The capacity for aerobic activity (aerobic scope) declined at temperatures above the summer average (29°C) and in CO 2 -acidified water (pH 7.8 and ~1000 ppm CO 2 ) compared to control water (pH 8.15). Aerobic scope declined by 36 and 32% for O. doederleini and O. cyanosoma at temperatures between 29 to 32°C, whereas it declined by 33 and 47% for O. doederleini and O. cyanosoma in acidified water compared to control water. Thus, the declines in aerobic scope in acidified water were similar to those caused by a 3°C increase in water temperature. Minimum aerobic scope values of ~200 mg O 2 kg -1 h -1 were attained for both species in acidified water at 32°C, compared with over 600 mg O 2 kg -1 h -1 in control water at 29°C. Mortality rate increased sharply at 33°C, indicating that this temperature is close to the lethal thermal limit for both species. Acidification further increased the mortality rate of O. doederleini, but not of O. cyanosoma. These results show that coral reef fishes are sensitive to both higher temperatures and increased levels of dissolved CO 2 , and that the aerobic performance of some reef fishes could be significantly reduced if climate change continues unabated.KEY WORDS: Global warming · Ocean acidification · Hypercapnia · Marine fish · Metabolism · Aerobic scope Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 388: [235][236][237][238][239][240][241][242] 2009 ture and elevated CO 2 levels interact to affect the performance of individuals (Rosa & Seibel 2008), and ultimately how this interaction affects their capacity to sustain viable populations.Atmospheric CO 2 concentrations have increased from an estimated 280 ppm around 1700 AD to over 380 ppm today, causing earth average surface temperature to increase by ~0.7°C (Brohan et al. 2006). Depending on future CO 2 emission scenarios, the average surface temperature is projected to increase by 1.1-6.4°C by 2100, with best estimates placing the range between 2.0 and 4.5°C (Meehl et al. 2007). Average sea surface temperature increases at a slower rate than average air temperature, but is still predicted to increase by up to 3°C in tropical and temperate seas within the next 100 yr (Poloczanska et al. 2007, Lough 2008, Munday et al. 2009). Although increases in average temperature may be greater in temperate regions than in the tropics, it is thought that tropical species might respond more strongly to climate change because they have evolved in a more thermally sta...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interacting effects of elevated temperature and ocean acidification on the aerobic performance of coral reef fishes

Munday¹,

Crawley²,

Nilsson³

2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

208

174

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“…Clark et al, 2011) or within the respirometer chamber ( Fig.3C), or by using a magnetic stir bar at the bottom of the respirometer and placing the respirometer on a magnetic drive plate (e.g. Nilsson et al, 2007). It is often useful to have the oxygen sensor positioned in a closed-circuit recirculation loop (see Fig.3B), as this removes the possibility of the sensor being damaged by the fish.…”

Section: Respirometer Design and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic scope measurements of fishes in an era of climate change: respirometry, relevance and recommendations

Clark

Sandblom

Jutfelt

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

770

870

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SummaryMeasurements of aerobic scope [the difference between minimum and maximum oxygen consumption rate (M O2,min and M O2,max , respectively)] are increasing in prevalence as a tool to address questions relating to fish ecology and the effects of climate change. However, there are underlying issues regarding the array of methods used to measure aerobic scope across studies and species. In an attempt to enhance quality control before the diversity of issues becomes too great to remedy, this paper outlines common techniques and pitfalls associated with measurements of M O2,min , M O2,max and aerobic scope across species and under different experimental conditions. Additionally, we provide a brief critique of the oxygen-and capacity-limited thermal tolerance (OCLTT) hypothesis, a concept that is intricately dependent on aerobic scope measurements and is spreading wildly throughout the literature despite little evidence for its general applicability. It is the intention of this paper to encourage transparency and accuracy in future studies that measure the aerobic metabolism of fishes, and to highlight the fundamental issues with assuming broad relevance of the OCLTT hypothesis.

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“…As adults, several coral fish genera (Gobiodon, Paragobiodon and Caracanthus) show a well-developed hypoxia tolerance down to 3% air saturation to overcome low oxygen during night in their micro-habitats or they switch to air-breathing at low tides (Nilsson et al, 2007a). During their larval phase, especially during the pre-settlement phase, coral fish such as the damselfishes Chromis atripectoralis and Pomacentrus amboinensis show extremely high rates of oxygen uptake and very low hypoxia tolerance (Nilsson et al, 2007b). Obviously these species change their metabolism during their transition from a planktonic mode of life in an oxygen saturated environment to a demersal mode of life under at least temporary hypoxic conditions.…”

Section: Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of hypoxia on the structure and processes in pelagic communities (zooplankton, macro-invertebrates and fish)

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in the water column is an environmental parameter that is crucial for the successful development of many pelagic organisms. Hypoxia tolerance and threshold values are species-and stagespecific and can vary enormously. While some fish species may suffer from oxygen values of less than 3 mL O 2 L −1 through impacted growth, development and behaviour, other organisms such as euphausiids may survive DO levels as low as 0.1 mL O 2 L −1 . A change in the average or the range of DO may have significant impacts on the survival of certain species and hence on the species composition in the ecosystem with consequent changes in trophic pathways and productivity.Evidence for the deleterious effects of oxygen depletion on pelagic species is scarce, particularly in terms of the effect of low oxygen on development, recruitment and patterns of migration and distribution. While planktonic organisms have to cope with variable DOs and exploit adaptive mechanisms, nektonic species may avoid areas of unfavourable DO and develop adapted migration strategies. Planktonic organisms may only be able to escape vertically, above or beneath the Oxygen Minimum Zone (OMZ). In shallow areas only the surface layer can serve as a refuge, but in deep waters many organisms have developed vertical migration strategies to use, pass through and cope with the OMZ.Correspondence to: W. Ekau (wekau@zmt-bremen.de) This paper elucidates the role of DO for different taxa in the pelagic realm and the consequences of low oxygen for foodweb structure and system productivity. We describe processes in two contrasting systems, the semi-enclosed Baltic Sea and the coastal upwelling system of the Benguela Current to demonstrate the consequences of increasing hypoxia on ecosystem functioning and services.

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From record performance to hypoxia tolerance: respiratory transition in damselfish larvae settling on a coral reef

Cited by 67 publications

References 26 publications

Interacting effects of elevated temperature and ocean acidification on the aerobic performance of coral reef fishes

Interacting effects of elevated temperature and ocean acidification on the aerobic performance of coral reef fishes

Aerobic scope measurements of fishes in an era of climate change: respirometry, relevance and recommendations

Impacts of hypoxia on the structure and processes in pelagic communities (zooplankton, macro-invertebrates and fish)

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