From rocks to ore

Lehmann, Bernd; Dietrich, A.; Wallianos, A.

doi:10.1007/s005310000085

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…According to Lehmann [1], titanium is compatible in felsic igneous systems and relatively immobile during hydrothermal overprint, whereas tin is incompatible in the igneous systems but mobile during hydrothermal processes. During magmatic fractionation and post-magmatic alteration, the trend of the Sn-Ti plot (Figure 14b) reflects enrichment of incompatible tin and systematic depletion of titanium [62]. Hence, tin sequestrates early crystallizing Ti-bearing phases (Figure 14b).…”

Section: Mineral and Whole-rock Chemistry Signature Of The Granitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The redox state of granitic rocks is the primary control for types of metallic mineral concentration in a given ore deposit [62,64]. Although the ƒ(O 2 ) (oxygen fugacity) of granitoid can be slightly modified at shallow levels during solidification, the original characteristics are retained even through post-magmatic processes.…”

Section: Physicochemical Evolution Of the Magmatic-hydrothermal Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Genetic Association between Granites and Mineralization at the Gindi Akwati Cassiterite–Sulfide Deposit, North-Central Nigeria: Insights from Mineralogy, Fluid Inclusions, and Sulfur Isotopes

Amuda

Yang

et al. 2022

Minerals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The cassiterite–sulfide mineralization occurs within quartz veins and greisenized Precambrian Older Granite around the Gindi Akwati region at the Ropp complex’s western boundary, north-central Nigeria. The intrusion of Jurassic Younger granite porphyry sheared the marginal parts of the Older Granite and the mylonitized zone created pathways for fluids that escaped during the late-stage consolidation of Jurassic biotite granite. The biotite granites are highly differentiated (K/Rb < 200), peraluminous (A/CNK > 1), high-K, and have high Sn concentrations (average = 117 ppm). The intrusion of Jurassic granite porphyry forced Older Granite interaction with ore-bearing fluid that escaped from Jurassic biotite granite under low oxygen fugacity at or below the NNO buffer. The above fluid–rock interaction caused mass changes in host granite during greisenization and redistributed ores in the vicinity of the shears. This suggests that chloride ions take the form of significant complex-forming ligands and efficiently sequestrate, transport, and deposit ore metals (Sn, Zn, Fe, and Cu) locally within the greisenized granites and quartz veins. The redox potential of the ores probably gave a false impression of metal zoning with a relatively higher abundance of the oxide ore than the sulfides at the surface. The alteration mineralogy (quartz-, topaz-, lepidolite-, and fluorite-bearing assemblages) coupled with S isotope and fluid inclusion systematic data suggests the hydrothermal history of “greisens” and veins started with hot (homogenization temperature ≥300 °C), low to moderate salinity (average = 4.08 wt. % NaCl), low density (≤0.6 g/cm3) fluids and ≥ 200 bar trapping pressure. The sulfide isotopic composition (δ34SV-CDT = −1.30 to + 0.87 ‰) is very similar to typical magmatic fluids, indicating late-magmatic to early post-magmatic models of mineralization related to the anorogenic granite intrusions.

show abstract

Section: Mineral and Whole-rock Chemistry Signature Of The Granitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physicochemical Evolution Of the Magmatic-hydrothermal Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Association between Granites and Mineralization at the Gindi Akwati Cassiterite–Sulfide Deposit, North-Central Nigeria: Insights from Mineralogy, Fluid Inclusions, and Sulfur Isotopes

Amuda

Yang

et al. 2022

Minerals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Magmatic fractionation and exsolution of a fluid phase from a cooling pluton plays an important role in metal enrichment for intrusion-related deposits 1 – 3 . Reheating of preexisting semi-solidified plutons triggered by the input of a new magma may lead to the exsolution of fluid and element transport, thus contributing to incremental extraction of metals from the magma and their precipitation in the cupola of plutons 4 , 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for temporal relationship between the late Mesozoic multistage Qianlishan granite complex and the Shizhuyuan W–Sn–Mo–Bi deposit, SE China

Liao

Zhao²,

Zhang

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The world-class Shizhuyuan W–Sn–Mo–Bi deposit is spatially related to the Qianlishan granite complex (QGC) in Hunan Province, China. However, the age and classification of the QGC are still debated, and a better understanding of the temporal genetic relationship between the QGC and the Shizhuyuan deposit is essential. Here, we present chemical compositions the intrusive phases of the QGC and the results of detailed zircon U–Pb dating and muscovite Ar–Ar dating of a mineralized greisen vein. Our new zircon laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U–Pb age data constrain the emplacement of the QGC to 155–151.7 Ma. According to petrological, geochemical and geochronological data and the inferred redox conditions, the QGC can be classified into four phases: P1, porphyritic biotite granites; P2, porphyritic biotite granites; P3, equigranular biotite granite; and P4, granite porphyry dikes. All phases, and especially P1-P3, have elevated concentrations of ore-forming metals and heat-producing elements (U, Th, K; volume heat-producing rate of 5.89–14.03 μWm−3), supplying the metal and heat for the metalogic process of the Shizhuyuan deposit. The Ar–Ar muscovite age (154.0 ± 1.6 Ma) of the mineralized greisen vein in the Shizhuyuan deposit is consistent with the emplacement time of the QGC, suggesting their temporal genetic relationship.

show abstract

“…Large-scale magmatic-hydrothermal fluid circulation in the Earth's crust is derived from intermediate to felsic hydrous magmas mainly at convergent plate margins, providing endogenic heat and mass transfer for the formation of ore deposits including base, precious and rare metals (LEHMANN et al, 2000;BLUNDELL et al, 2005;SIMMONS & BROWN, 2006;BORTNIKOV, 2006;HEINRICH, 2007). These systems involve large amounts of volatiles including magmatic, meteoric or metamorphic water in aqueous or vapour form, CO 2 , NaCl, KCl, CaCl 2 , MgCl 2 , H 2 S, ±CH 4 , ±N 2 , as well as metals which originate from the magmas or the leaching processes from the rocks penetrated by the fluids through fluidwall-rock interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid evolution in Tertiary magmatic-hydrothermal ore systems at the Rhodope metallogenic province, NE Greece. A review

Melfos¹,

Voudouris²

2016

Geol Cro

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Characterization of various fluid parameters in magmatic-hydrothermal ore mineralizations is potentially essential for interpretation of the conditions of formation and therefore for mineral exploration. Fluid inclusions can provide a useful and promising tool in the research of the ore forming processes in these systems. This review focuses on the nature, composition and origin of magmatic-hydrothermal ore forming fluids involved in the formation of representative Tertiary ore deposits at the Rhodope metallogenic province in NE Greece. These deposits are spatially related to Tertiary magmatism in NE Greece. Case studies are presented here and include an intrusion-hosted sheeted vein system (Kavala), a Au-rich carbonate replacement and quartz-vein mineralization (Asimotrypes), mineralized veins in Eptadendro-Rachi and Thasos island (Kapsalina and Panagia), porphyry Cu-MoRe -Au deposits in Pagoni Rachi and Maronia and epithermal Au-Ag mineralizations in Perama and Loutros. Hydrothermal fluids rich in CO 2 together with elevated Au and Te content are common and occur at the Kavala intrusion hosted sheeted vein system, at the Asimotrypes Au-rich carbonate replacement mineralization and at the Panagia (Thasos) vein system. We classify all these ore mineralizations as intrusion-related gold systems (IRGS). Transport and precipitation of metals including Au and Te is favoured when CO 2 is present. Precipitation of the ore mineralization takes place due to the immiscibility of the carbonic and the aqueous fluids which have a magmatic origin with the contribution of meteoric water. Cooling of magmatic hydrothermal fluids and dilution with meteoric water is a common cause for ore mineral formation in the vein mineralizations of Eptadendro/ Rachi and Kapsalina Thasos. At the Pagoni Rachi and Maronia porphyry deposits, boiling and the high proportion of the vapour phase are the most essential fluid processes which affected ore formation. The epithermal veins overprinting the Pagoni Rachi and the Maronia porphyry systems and the HS-IS epithermal system in Perama Hill and the IS epithermal mineralization in Loutros are characterized by low to moderate temperatures and low to moderate salinities. Cooling and dilution of the ore fluids are the main process for gold precipitation. We conclude that the different fluid parameters and microthermometric data indicate a variety of fluid origin conditions and sources which can affect the strategy for exploration and prospecting for gold, rare and critical metals.

show abstract

From rocks to ore

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

Genetic Association between Granites and Mineralization at the Gindi Akwati Cassiterite–Sulfide Deposit, North-Central Nigeria: Insights from Mineralogy, Fluid Inclusions, and Sulfur Isotopes

Genetic Association between Granites and Mineralization at the Gindi Akwati Cassiterite–Sulfide Deposit, North-Central Nigeria: Insights from Mineralogy, Fluid Inclusions, and Sulfur Isotopes

Evidence for temporal relationship between the late Mesozoic multistage Qianlishan granite complex and the Shizhuyuan W–Sn–Mo–Bi deposit, SE China

Fluid evolution in Tertiary magmatic-hydrothermal ore systems at the Rhodope metallogenic province, NE Greece. A review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About