From Sacrilege to Privilege: The Tale of Body Procurement for Anatomical Dissection in the United States

Hulkower, Raphael

doi:10.23861/ejbm20112734

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In 1790, a federal law was passed which permitted federal judges to add dissection to a death sentence for murder. At times the threat of dissection was used to discourage crimes such as duelling which was disruptive to the society [ 83 ]. However the demand for human cadavers was on the rise which was triggered by the beginning of the first formal course in anatomy at University of Pennsylvania in 1745 [ 84 ].…”

Section: Human Dissection In the United States And Enactment Of Unifomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However the demand for human cadavers was on the rise which was triggered by the beginning of the first formal course in anatomy at University of Pennsylvania in 1745 [ 84 ]. Such conditions encouraged the practice of robbing the graves of freshly buried person, which attained enormous proportions during the 18th and 19th centuries [ 83 ]. The perpetrators ranged from professional thieves to tavern owners to employees at the medical schools themselves.…”

Section: Human Dissection In the United States And Enactment Of Unifomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human cadaveric dissection: a historical account from ancient Greece to the modern era

2015

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The review article attempts to focus on the practice of human cadaveric dissection during its inception in ancient Greece in 3rd century BC, revival in medieval Italy at the beginning of 14th century and subsequent evolution in Europe and the United States of America over the centuries. The article highlights on the gradual change in attitude of religious authorities towards human dissection, the shift in the practice of human dissection being performed by barber surgeons to the anatomist himself dissecting the human body and the enactment of prominent legislations which proved to be crucial milestones during the course of the history of human cadaveric dissection. It particularly emphasizes on the different means of procuring human bodies which changed over the centuries in accordance with the increasing demand due to the rise in popularity of human dissection as a tool for teaching anatomy. Finally, it documents the rise of body donation programs as the source of human cadavers for anatomical dissection from the second half of the 20th century. Presently innovative measures are being introduced within the body donation programs by medical schools across the world to sensitize medical students such that they maintain a respectful, compassionate and empathetic attitude towards the human cadaver while dissecting the same. Human dissection is indispensable for a sound knowledge in anatomy which can ensure safe as well as efficient clinical practice and the human dissection lab could possibly be the ideal place to cultivate humanistic qualities among future physicians in the 21st century.

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Section: Human Dissection In the United States And Enactment Of Unifomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Human Dissection In the United States And Enactment Of Unifomentioning

confidence: 99%

Human cadaveric dissection: a historical account from ancient Greece to the modern era

2015

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“…In the historical past, at many medical schools and teaching institutes around the globe, the bodies of criminals and paupers were utilized for dissection. There is a sizeable and discomforting body of literature on grave robbing, body snatching and other nefarious processes (Jones and Fennel, ; Richardson, ; MacDonald, ; Jones and Whitaker, ; Hildebrandt, ; Hulkower, ; Kaiser, ; Humphries, ) used to obtain human bodies in the name of human anatomy. Added to this are the heinous practices by the Nazis in Germany and its occupied territories over the period 1933–1945 (Redies et al, ; Hildebrandt, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making the Ethical Transition in South Africa: Acquiring Human Bodies for Training in Anatomy

Kramer

Hutchinson

Brits

et al. 2018

Anatomical Sciences Ed

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While dissection remains the method of choice for teaching human anatomy, ethical requirements for obtaining cadavers has made the process of acquiring human bodies more strenuous for institutions. In Africa and at the School of Anatomical Sciences in South Africa, dependence on unclaimed bodies has been prevalent. The aim of the present study was to determine whether more rigorous application of ethical consent has altered the provenance of the cadavers in the School of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand. The numbers of bequeathed/donated/unclaimed cadavers received over the period 2013-2017, as well as their sex and population affinity were analyzed. The majority (96.8%) of the cadavers dissected over the period were from bequests/donations. Marginally more females than males were available. In addition, the population affinity of the cadavers had changed from a majority of South African African (unclaimed) bodies to a majority of South African White (bequest/donated) bodies. The study shows that even with ethical constraints it is possible to transition from the use of mainly unclaimed bodies to the acquisition of bequeathed/donor bodies. However, there may be challenges in relation to anatomical collections in the School as few of the bequest/donated cadavers remain in the School to be added to the collections. These changes also affect the demographics of the Schools' collections. Anat Sci Educ 00: 000-000. © 2018 American Association of Anatomists.

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“…Human anatomical dissection is also important in the medical syllabus because it is here that students learn the essential language of medicine and how to develop understanding through experimentation and acquire expertise in solving problems in a three-dimensional space [456789]. Moreover, human anatomical dissection, incorporating the teaching of surface anatomy, represents a critical initial learning experience about the patient-physician relationship [10111213].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Venezuelan surgeons view concerning teaching human anatomical dissection

Reverón

2017

Anat Cell Biol

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Currently, the importance of human anatomical dissection have come under debate in many countries but there are not references in Venezuela on this concern. This survey's aim is to assess the insights of Venezuelan surgeons and their outlines of usage of human anatomical dissection in teaching and learning human anatomy. Sixty-five Venezuelan surgeons at the Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad completed an anonymous survey on current and future teaching practices in human anatomy. Eighty-nine point two three percent of surveyed (n=58) conferred importance to human anatomical dissection despite the arrival of new innovations in learning human anatomy. The group surveyed view human anatomical dissection-based teaching as the most beneficial method of teaching human anatomy and it should be bolstered in human anatomical education with matching use of three-dimensional computerized tomography imaging as a complementary form for teaching and learning.

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From Sacrilege to Privilege: The Tale of Body Procurement for Anatomical Dissection in the United States

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

Human cadaveric dissection: a historical account from ancient Greece to the modern era

Human cadaveric dissection: a historical account from ancient Greece to the modern era

Making the Ethical Transition in South Africa: Acquiring Human Bodies for Training in Anatomy

Venezuelan surgeons view concerning teaching human anatomical dissection

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