From self to ingroup reclaiming of homophobic epithets: A replication and extension of Galinsky et al.'s (2013) model of reappropriation

Bianchi, Mauro; Carnaghi, Andrea; Fasoli, Fabio; Rusconi, Patrice; Fantoni, Carlo

doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104583

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Galinsky et al (2013) found that participants reported increased feelings of power when they recalled a situation where they self-label with a derogatory group label compared to imagining being labelled in such a way by someone else that we can assume was perceived as negative in its intent. Additionally, this finding was recently replicated in the context of specifically homophobic epithets (Bianchi et al, 2024). Sturaro et al (2023) found that self-labelling with either a descriptive or derogatory group label increased bystanders' attribution of power if the speaker identified as gay rather than heterosexual 14 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In such a way, "queer" can be seen as a term that reflects a polysemy use and that is in an advanced stage of reclamation. The case of homophobic labels such as "fag" is different, as they are still considered offensive (Carnaghi & Maass, 2008;Fasoli et al, 2019) but may be perceived as reclaimed if used in a self-labelling way (Bianchi et al, 2024). Hence, such labels refer to an instance of echoic use and a stage of ongoing reappropriation.…”

Section: Reclamation Of Group Labels For Lesbian Women and Gay Menmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The brevity of the vignette together with the label "gay" often being used both for gay men specifically and non-heterosexual individuals in general were potentially contributing factors to a large number of participants not correctly identifying the speaker gender in the descriptive condition for gay men which weakens our conclusions regarding gender-based differences between the target groups. Contextual factors such as the relationship between the communicating parties and the relationship of the parties to the labelled group have been shown to have an impact on perceptions of derogatory group labels for ethnic groups (O'Dea et al, 2015;O'Dea & Saucier, 2017, 2020, and when homophobic epithets are used for oneself or by another in-group member the motivation is more often humorous or reappropriating, while use by an out-group member is more often reported as stigmatising (Bianchi et al, 2024). Future research should therefore use more detailed vignettes to test the influence of additional contextual variables on reclamation of group labels for lesbian women and gay men.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Use and Perception of Reclaimed Group Labels for Lesbian Women and Gay Men

Klysing,

Braun,

Buscicchio

et al. 2024

Journal of Language and Social Psychology

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This research tests whether self-labelling with a derogatory or reclaimed label is perceived as an act of reclamation. A pilot study ( N = 102) identified English terms used to label lesbian women and gay men. The main study ( N = 276) used a between-groups vignette design in which participants read about a woman/man self-labelling with a descriptive (lesbian/gay), reclaimed (queer), or derogatory group (dyke/fag) label. We assessed perceptions of the speaker (control/influence, agency, and efficacy) and group power, label offensiveness, and the likelihood of using the label in the future. Descriptive labels were perceived as less offensive and more likely to be used compared to reclaimed and derogatory labels. For gay men, using a derogatory label compared to other labels decreased perceived agency, but did not influence control/influence and efficacy. For lesbian women, there were no differences in perceptions of power depending on the label used.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Reclamation Of Group Labels For Lesbian Women and Gay Menmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Use and Perception of Reclaimed Group Labels for Lesbian Women and Gay Men

Klysing,

Braun,

Buscicchio

et al. 2024

Journal of Language and Social Psychology

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Wear it like armor and it can never be used to hurt you: Reappropriation, identity change, and collective action

Uysal,

Acar

2024

Political Psychology

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Reappropriation has been discussed as an identity management strategy as a means to reevaluate oneself in a context that will not allow for large‐scale social change. There are, however, numerous examples of reappropriation of stigmatizing labels as connected to political movements. This research examines whether reappropriation of stigmatizing labels can function as a precursor to collective action. In Study 1, we conducted semi‐structured interviews on the reappropriation of çapulcu identity with 20 Gezi Park protesters in Turkey. Interviews focused on how they recall the reappropriation of the word to have started, how they gave subsequent meaning, and how çapulcu identity predicted their protest participation and their broader politicization during and after the protests. In Study 2, we conducted a cross‐sectional survey on the reappropriation of fat identity by collecting data from fat liberation and body positivity activists in North America (n = 479). Reflexive thematic analysis (Study 1) and structural equation modeling (Study 2) showed that reappropriation of stigmatizing labels among activists is associated with a greater willingness to participate in collective action through increased agency, empowerment, and identity change. Findings provide important insights on identity management strategies and social change, and open new avenues to discuss reappropriation as a possible political strategy that might mobilize oppressed groups.

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Reclaiming Derogatory Language: Self-Reports and Interbeat Intervals

Puchała,

Bilewicz,

Świderska

2024

Journal of Language and Social Psychology

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Minorities reclaim derogatory labels to change their meaning. However, previous research on reclamation has focused on the perception of self-labeling with derogatory labels in an ecologically invalid context, using self-reports that may be influenced by norms. We examined how recordings containing derogatory terms against gay people are perceived, using both a self-report and an unobtrusive heartbeat measure. In the experiment ( n = 103), we showed that individuals perceived statements with derogatory labels as less offensive when participants of the Gay Pride (a pro-LGBT+ march) used them and as more offensive when they were used by participants of the March for Life and Family (a conservative march). This effect was stronger among gay men. Nonetheless, the sexual identity and the content of speech played no role in the case of the heartbeat. The paper discusses the discrepancy between declarative and nondeclarative measures.

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From self to ingroup reclaiming of homophobic epithets: A replication and extension of Galinsky et al.'s (2013) model of reappropriation

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

The Use and Perception of Reclaimed Group Labels for Lesbian Women and Gay Men

The Use and Perception of Reclaimed Group Labels for Lesbian Women and Gay Men

Wear it like armor and it can never be used to hurt you: Reappropriation, identity change, and collective action

Reclaiming Derogatory Language: Self-Reports and Interbeat Intervals

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