Formative and summative assessment of residents' clinical reasoning, decision-making, and documentation skills is challenging, as it occurs ''inside the learner's head.'' Educators seek strategies to assess and provide feedback on this critical competency, and medical education researchers require clinically relevant measures of the educational impact of new curricula or other teaching innovations. 1-3 Assessments based on chart review (CR) or chart-stimulated recall (CSR) allow trainees to articulate their process of clinical decision-making and the underlying rationale to be articulated. Addresses communication of information to patient/ family (ICS) & Record completeness and clarity (ICS, PBLI) Section 2: CSR Case Discussion-Probe the resident's thinking about the care of the patient, using the questions as relevant to the chart/case. Enter ''N/A'' for sections not relevant to a particular patient.