From the Archives of the AFIP

Koeller, Kelly K.; Henry, Jack

doi:10.1148/radiographics.21.6.g01nv051533

Cited by 142 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Gangliogliomas are generally low-density lesions on CT with variable enhancement and calcification [4, 30, 31]. Of the 9 intraventricular gangliolgioma cases reporting lesion density, 1 (11%) was hyperdense, 5 (55%) were isodense, 2 (22%) were low-density, and 1 (13%) was mixed-density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The median age at diagnosis ranges from 8.5 to 25 years with a male to female ratio of 1.1– 1.9: 1 [3-5]. These tumors can be found anywhere within the central nervous system, with the temporal lobe being most commonly affected (> 70%) [1, 4, 6, 7]. Patients most commonly present with focal motor seizures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients most commonly present with focal motor seizures. Other neurologic deficits are associated with tumor location [3, 4]. Following complete resection, gangliogliomas are associated with a 10-year survival rate of 82–93% [3, 6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ganglioglioma Arising from the Septum Pellucidum: Case Report and Review of the Literature

et al. 2019

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Background: Gangliogliomas are low-grade neoplasms that typically affect patients under the age of 30 and present with epilepsy and symptoms of mass effect. Here, we report a case of an intraventricular ganglioglioma involving the septum pellucidum in a pediatric patient with history of optic glioma. Only one other pediatric intraventricular ganglioglioma arising from the septum pellucidum has been reported previously. Case Report: The patient initially presented at 9 months of age with a pilocytic astrocytoma centered on the optic chiasm, treated with chemotherapy and radiation at 3 years of age. Routine follow-up imaging at 13 years of age revealed the development of a mass in the septum pellucidum, which was subtotally resected endoscopically because of its proximity to the fornices. Pathology confirmed a ganglioglioma positive for the BRAF V600E mutation. The tumor residual progressed and was treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. The patient was asymptomatic at her 6-month follow-up visit and the size of the nodule remained stable. Literature Review: Our review of the 25 previously reported intraventricular gangliogliomas found that their pre-surgical diagnoses were often incorrect, reflecting the difficulty of making the diagnosis with signs, symptoms, and imaging alone. Patients can be reassured that the prognosis is generally favorable following uncomplicated neurosurgical resection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ganglioglioma Arising from the Septum Pellucidum: Case Report and Review of the Literature

et al. 2019

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“…Typically, they are supratentorial compartment lesions, with the majority occurring in the temporal lobe, although cases throughout the central nervous system have been described [27]. Peak incidence is between 10 and 20 years of age [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemorrhagic Ganglioglioma of the Posterior Fossa: Case Report

Jeevan¹,

Neil²,

Mohan³

et al. 2013

Pediatr Neurosurg

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Gangliogliomas are rare tumors of the central nervous system that are usually found in the supratentorial compartment, although cases throughout the nervous system have been described. They are generally low-grade malignancies that are amenable to cure by surgical resection. Most manifest as seizures, though, based on location, they can present with focal neurological deficits. We present here a rare case of an infratentorial ganglioglioma presenting with hemorrhage. To our knowledge this is the only reported case of a hemorrhagic ganglioglioma and, as such, we examine its possible prognosis.

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“…They are usually hemispheric, and often they affect children and young adults (median age 26 years) with a frequent history of chronic epilepsy at presentation [1-3]. The majority of the tumors occur in the supratentorial compartment, mostly in the temporal lobe [1,4]; rarely, they were observed in thalamus, cerebellum, sellar region and spinal cord [1,5-7]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA methylation alterations in grade II- and anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma

et al. 2014

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BackgroundPleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare WHO grade II tumor accounting for less than 1% of all astrocytomas. Malignant transformation into PXA with anaplastic features, is unusual and correlates with poorer outcome of the patients.MethodsUsing a DNA methylation custom array, we have quantified the DNA methylation level on the promoter sequence of 807 cancer-related genes of WHO grade II (n = 11) and III PXA (n = 2) and compared to normal brain tissue (n = 10) and glioblastoma (n = 87) samples. DNA methylation levels were further confirmed on independent samples by pyrosequencing of the promoter sequences.ResultsIncreasing DNA promoter hypermethylation events were observed in anaplastic PXA as compared with grade II samples. We further validated differential hypermethylation of CD81, HCK, HOXA5, ASCL2 and TES on anaplastic PXA and grade II tumors. Moreover, these epigenetic alterations overlap those described in glioblastoma patients, suggesting common mechanisms of tumorigenesis.ConclusionsEven taking into consideration the small size of our patient populations, our data strongly suggest that epigenome-wide profiling of PXA is a valuable tool to identify methylated genes, which may play a role in the malignant progression of PXA. These methylation alterations may provide useful biomarkers for decision-making in those patients with low-grade PXA displaying a high risk of malignant transformation.

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From the Archives of the AFIP

Cited by 142 publications

References 96 publications

Ganglioglioma Arising from the Septum Pellucidum: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Ganglioglioma Arising from the Septum Pellucidum: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Hemorrhagic Ganglioglioma of the Posterior Fossa: Case Report

DNA methylation alterations in grade II- and anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma

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