From the Archives of the AFIP Pediatric Orbit Tumors and Tumorlike Lesions: Osseous Lesions of the Orbit

Abstract

Many extraocular masses involving the pediatric orbit have an osseous origin. The most common is the dermoid inclusion cyst; these cystic lesions may contain lipid and are most often found near the zygomaticofrontal suture, adjacent to an indolent-appearing erosion of bone. Some primary bone lesions may involve the orbit, producing a lytic or dense lesion with enlargement of the bone; these lesions include fibrous dysplasia, juvenile ossifying fibroma, and osteosarcoma. Fibrous dysplasia tends to produce a mass of ground-glass appearance with longitudinal osseous expansion, whereas juvenile ossifying fibroma is likely to produce a mixed lytic and sclerotic lesion and focal osseous enlargement. Osteosarcoma causes marked bone destruction and variable osteoid production. Langerhans cell histiocytosis, an idiopathic reticuloendothelial proliferative disorder, tends to involve the bones of the skull, especially the lateral orbital roof; it produces lytic destruction of bone with a sclerotic rim and a large intraorbital soft-tissue mass. Granulocytic sarcoma is a solid tumor that may occur in children with myelogenous leukemia. These tumors tend to arise in the subperiosteum of the lateral orbital wall, although they usually do not disrupt the bone. Finally, the orbit is a common site for bone metastases from neuroblastoma, which cause aggressive periosteal reaction in the orbital roof or lateral wall. The last three conditions are often bilateral. At imaging evaluation, osseous lesions may appear similar to each other and to nonosseous masses of the orbit. Knowledge of the pathologic features of these tumors and how these features are reflected in their imaging appearances may help radiologists differentiate them.

Retrospective analysis of surgical outcome in orbital tumour cases

“…Ingallas reported the first whereas Silva reported both second and third decades as the commonest age for the orbital tumors. 7 In present study dermoid is the most common benign tumor like study by Saha S et al 8 Dermoid in present study falling more numbers in childhood, first decades of life compares favorably with study by Chung EM et al 9 The limitation of the study was relatively small number of cases. The surgical treatment of orbital processes occupies a border area between different surgical specialties, including ophthalmology, plastic surgery, otorhinolaryngology, and neurosurgery.…”

Cross Sectional Imaging of Solitary Lesions of the Neurocranium

“…The bone typically appears enlarged and ballooned with a thinned cortical bone. The external table is affected more than the internal table [26]. Speckled calcifications also occur in some cases.…”

“…Eosinophilic granulomas are the most common and mildest form [30]. LHC is a generic term for a group of systemic diseases with different courses and proliferation of dendritic Langerhans cells and ontogenetically related cell variants [26,31]. In general, the disease can affect any organ.…”

Valuation of Four-Quadrant Location Method in Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of the Orbital Tumor by Comparison Study Combining CT and MRI with Pathology

“…The CT and MRI finding is one of the key to define the differential diagnosis of dermoid and epidermoid cyst with others benign and malignant tumors of the orbit. On the CT and MRI, NECT shows a well circumscribed cystic tumor of the low or fat density and calcification may be seen, and (Figures 5 and 6) on MRI typically appear hyperintense on T1WI and hypointense on T2WI [33,34].…”