From the discovery of the partially bilayer smectic A phase to blue phases in polar liquid crystals

Dąbrowski, R.

doi:10.1080/02678292.2014.987705

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 214 publications

(372 reference statements)

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“…The XRD pattern showed three orders of reflection in the small angle region that are assigned 001, 002, and 003 and the wide angle region showed multiple reflections with varying intensity (Figure S5D of the Supporting Information). The phase has been assigned as Crystal E (Figure S2J of the Supporting Information) by considering the wide angle pattern of XRD. ,− In the case of the ODPTC homologue, when the smectic B phase was cooled, crystallization is observed with an enthalpy value of 7.68 kcal/mol (Table ). Thus, it is concluded on the basis of the HOPM, DSC, and XRD studies that the HDPTC and ODPTC homologues exhibit enantiotropic smectic C and smectic B phases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The XRD profile of the mesogen measured at 70 °C shows a sharp reflection in the small angle region and a broad hump at the wide angle region (Figure A). These features are characteristic of layer ordering observed for smectic phases. , To find the nature of the smectic phase, the d / L values are determined where L represents the molecular length calculated from energy optimized structure from DFT method. Table S5 of the Supporting Information lists the d / L values in the temperature range 50–70 °C, which is ∼1 and is constant across the temperature range suggesting the monolayer smectic A phase (Table S5 of the Supporting Information).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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¹³C NMR Studies, Molecular Order, and Mesophase Properties of Thiophene Mesogens

2015

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Three-ring mesogens with a core comprising thiophene linked to one phenyl ring directly and to the other via flexible ester are synthesized with terminal alkoxy chains to probe the mesophase properties and find the molecular order. The phenyl thiophene link in the core offers a comparison of the mesophase features with the molecular shape of the mesogen. The synthesized mesogens display enantiotropic polymesomorphism and accordingly nematic, smectic A, smectic C and smectic B mesophases are perceived depending upon the terminal chain length. For some of the homologues, monotropic higher order smectic phases such as smectic F and crystal E are also witnessed. The existence of polymesomorphism are originally observed by HOPM and DSC and further confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction studies. For the C8 homologue, high resolution solid state (13)C NMR spectroscopy is employed to find the molecular structure in the liquid crystalline phase and using the 2D SLF technique, the (13)C-(1)H dipolar couplings are extracted to calculate the order parameter. By comparing the ratio of local order of thiophene as well as phenyl rings, we establish the bent-core shape of the mesogen. Importantly, for assigning the carbon chemical shifts of the core unit of aligned C8 mesogen, the (13)C NMR measured in mesophase of the synthetic intermediate is employed. Thus, the proposed approach addresses the key step in the spectral assignment of target mesogens with the use of (13)C NMR data of mesomorphic intermediate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

¹³C NMR Studies, Molecular Order, and Mesophase Properties of Thiophene Mesogens

2015

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“…The phase transition temperature from nematic to isotropic phase is 96.2 °C. Specifically, the mixture was calculated from the CSL equation 55 as an eutectic composition comprising ethyl, butyl, pentyl members of compound Fig. 1 b and 4′-propyl- 3-fluoro-4-isothiocyanatobiphenyl.…”

Section: Liquid Crystal Mixture and Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

A high birefringence liquid crystal for lenses with large aperture

Bennis

Jankowski

Strzeżysz

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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This work presents the application of an experimental nematic liquid crystal (LC) mixture (1929) in a large aperture lens. The LC material is composed of terphenyl and biphenyl derivatives compounds with an isothiocyanate terminal group and fluorinated lateral substituents. The substitution with a strongly polar isothiocyanate group and an aromatic rigid core provides $$\pi$$ π -electron coupling, providing high birefringence ($$\Delta n = 0.3375$$ Δ n = 0.3375 at 636 nm and 23 °C) and low viscosity ($$\eta$$ η = 17.03 mPa s). In addition, it also shows high values of birefringence at near infrared (0.318 at 1550 nm). The synthesis process is simple when comparing materials with high melting temperatures. The excellent properties of this LC mixture are demonstrated in a large aperture LC-tunable lens based on a transmission electrode structure. Thanks to the particular characteristics of this mixture, the optical power is high. The high birefringence makes this LC of specific interest for lenses and optical phase modulators and devices, both in the visible and infrared regions.

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“…Most of the published scientific reports devoted to PLCFs describe potential applications of PCFs infiltrated with nematic LCs [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. However, other types of LCs, such as chiral smectic C LCs (SmC*), with their ferroelectric properties (FLCs) [10,11], or the LC blue phase exhibiting a three-dimensional double-twist structure [12][13][14], have also been considered as suitable materials for infiltrating the PCF structure. The most significant factor of the prospective PLCF-based optical systems is their rapid electro-optical response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral Properties of Photo-Aligned Photonic Crystal Fibers Infiltrated with Gold Nanoparticle-Doped Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals

et al. 2020

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This paper describes our recent results on light propagation in photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) partially infiltrated with W212 ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) doped with 1–3 nm gold nanoparticles (NPs) with a concentration in the range of 0.1–0.5% wt. Based on our previous results devoted to PCFs infiltrated with nematic liquid crystals (NLCs) doped with gold NPs (GNPs), we extend our research line with FLCs doped with these NPs. To enhance the proper alignment of the NP-FLC nanocomposites inside PCFs, we applied an additional photo-aligning layer of SD-1 azo-dye material (DIC, Japan). Electro-optical response times and thermal tuning were studied in detail. We observed an improvement in response times for NP-FLC nanocomposites in comparison to the undoped FLC.

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From the discovery of the partially bilayer smectic A phase to blue phases in polar liquid crystals

Cited by 25 publications

References 214 publications

¹³C NMR Studies, Molecular Order, and Mesophase Properties of Thiophene Mesogens

¹³C NMR Studies, Molecular Order, and Mesophase Properties of Thiophene Mesogens

A high birefringence liquid crystal for lenses with large aperture

Spectral Properties of Photo-Aligned Photonic Crystal Fibers Infiltrated with Gold Nanoparticle-Doped Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals

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From the discovery of the partially bilayer smectic A phase to blue phases in polar liquid crystals

Cited by 25 publications

References 214 publications

13C NMR Studies, Molecular Order, and Mesophase Properties of Thiophene Mesogens

13C NMR Studies, Molecular Order, and Mesophase Properties of Thiophene Mesogens

A high birefringence liquid crystal for lenses with large aperture

Spectral Properties of Photo-Aligned Photonic Crystal Fibers Infiltrated with Gold Nanoparticle-Doped Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals

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¹³C NMR Studies, Molecular Order, and Mesophase Properties of Thiophene Mesogens

¹³C NMR Studies, Molecular Order, and Mesophase Properties of Thiophene Mesogens