From the Editor

Markelz, Andrew M.

doi:10.33043/josep.2.1.4-5

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For example, the U.S. District Court case Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (1971) and the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia case Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia (1972) established the responsibility of states and localities to educate children with disabilities. As a result, the precedent was established that children with disabilities were capable of benefiting from educational programs and should be guaranteed access to a free public education, and students with disabilities and their families had a right to due process safeguards (Markelz & Bateman, 2022). The difference in these decisions, when compared with the U.S. Supreme Court case San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez (1973), was evidence of systemic exclusion of a group based on disability characteristic (i.e., mental, behavioral, physical, or emotional disabilities).…”

Section: Access To the School Building For Allmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The history of access and equity to education for all student and particularly students with disabilities is long and checkered with milestones and setbacks. Historically, students with disabilities have been excluded from public education (Markelz & Bateman, 2022). Through precedent, courts apply law in the same manner across similar situations, and therefore broader education issues have clear implications for those working toward access and equity for students with disabilities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Evolution of Access to Education Through Landmark Legislation, Court Cases, and Policy Initiatives Setting Precedent for The Gary B. Court Decision

Nagro

Markelz

Davis

et al. 2022

Journal of Disability Policy Studies

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Access to education for all students has been long sought. Once defined as physical access a school building, the concept of access has evolved since Brown v. Board of Education. The purpose of this policy review, conducted through archival research, is to examine the evolution of access to K–12 education for all students, with an emphasis on students with disabilities who are general education students first, to understand the implications of the 2020 U.S. 6th Circuit Court of Appeals Gary B. vs. Whitmer decision. For the first time, a federal court ruled that the constitution affords all students “a fundamental right to a basic minimum education.” Specifically, the evolving concept of access to education for all students including students with disabilities across (a) the school building, (b) curricular opportunities, (c) education outcomes, and (d) a college- and career-ready curriculum is outlined using landmark K–12 federal education legislation, court cases, and policy initiatives. Taken together, a basic minimum education includes access to challenging academic learning objectives, an emphasis on literacy, provision of educational materials of sufficient quantity and quality, and an adequate teacher workforce. Meeting these expectations assures genuine access to a public education for all students.

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Section: Access To the School Building For Allmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%