From the history of mutual cooperation of the Republic of Kazakhstan with the states of Central Asia (1991-2000)

Abstract

This research article deals with the accepted and implemented agreements of the Central Asian states after after the fall of the Soviet Union: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan in the field of political and economic cooperation, defense, cultural, social and humanitarian spheres. The relations of the Central Asian states are the object of this research and are considered as a political and historical aspect. These Central Asian states have their own history of development, which was formed in the post-Soviet period. Therefore, scientific literature and archival documents were brought to scientific analysis in order to study their initiatives and agreements on cooperation with each other at the international level from a scientific point of view in the field of historical science and consider them in the historical and political aspect. From the theory methodological point studying the political, economic, socio-cultural development of the states of Central Asia in the historical and political aspect, as well as in the system of international relations is one of the most important problems. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize and analyze scientific literature, archival data and information contained in the collection of documents related to this topic from a scientific point of view. As a result, mutual agreements, friendship and cooperation between the states of Central Asia, strategic partnership in the areas of development were also studied, and an analysis of their past and future was carried out

Kazakhstan Model of Interethnic Relations: Cultural Aspect

“…The peoples living in this territory have inherited from their historical and cultural past an immense variety of traditions, confessions, and cultures. Representatives of this region, living on the break between East and West, create a unique cultural and civilisational structure where Asian and European components are combined (Karassayev et al, 2021). Over its centuries-old history, the modern lands of Kazakhstan are full of examples of interethnic interactions at various levels of social, cultural, and ethnic aspects.…”