From the Lesson Tee to the Course: A Naturalistic Investigation of Attentional Focus in Elite Golf

Abstract

While debate continues on “optimal” attentional focus, little empirical knowledge exists on the way that attention is operationalized across training and performance in elite golf. Accordingly, this study aimed to (a) explore the attentional foci promoted or used by coaches and players for different types of shots in training, plus their underpinning rationale and (b) explore the attentional foci promoted or used by coaches and players in competition, plus their underpinning rationale. Our findings revealed that (a) various foci were used across training and competition; (b) all players used different combinations of foci across training and competition, and within different aspects of training itself (e.g., short vs. long game); and (c) players often used alternative or additional foci in training to those promoted by coaches, and self-generated foci for competition. These results highlight the complexity and practical reality that needs to underpin future advances in theory, research, and practice.

A Systematic Study on Body Control in Golf Players

“…Among them, strength training is the focus of training. 9 Coaches add stabilizing muscle groups based on athletic ability to develop the characteristics of golf. Athletes can use elastic straps to add hazardous components to the sides of the body.…”

How Do Coaches Operationalise Long-Term Technical Training in Elite Golf?

“…In principle however, these ideas can still be useful, but must be critically considered against complex contextual and individually specific demands. Whether, or how, these ideas reflect elite-level technical golf coaching, therefore, remains a necessary area of research to better support the transition from training to competition (Orr et al, 2021).…”

“…For example, Toner et al (2012) examined coach behaviour during a reflective account of a single coaching session. More recently, Orr et al (2021) examined the nature and rationale of attentional cues used by coaches with elite players during a single coaching session. In contrast, Schempp et al (2004) studied expert coaches working with beginners during a single session.…”

The Relationship between Betting Propensity as Perceived by Golfers and Exercise Addiction: Verification of Moderating Effects According to Background Variables

“…Golf is a closed game in which participants hit a stationary ball from a stationary position on various types of terrain, following which open movement to the next position is permitted (1,2). Given the nature of the sport, in which progression of skill may be difficult to observe within a short time frame, it is important for golfers to derive a sense of pleasure or competence from their involvement (3). To satisfy this desire, many Korean golfers place bets when competing against their companions (3), with the winner receiving material benefits such as the cost of golf games, caddy fees, or meals after exercise.…”

“…Given the nature of the sport, in which progression of skill may be difficult to observe within a short time frame, it is important for golfers to derive a sense of pleasure or competence from their involvement (3). To satisfy this desire, many Korean golfers place bets when competing against their companions (3), with the winner receiving material benefits such as the cost of golf games, caddy fees, or meals after exercise. Betting golf can increase entertainment and satisfaction among players by improving motivation, concentration, and enjoyment, allowing them to immerse themselves in the exercise both physically and psychologically while reducing stress (4).…”