From Vegetation Zones to Climatypes: Effects of Climate Warming on Siberian Ecosystems

Tchebakova, N. M.; Rehfeldt, Gerald E.; Parfenova, E. I.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9693-8_22

Cited by 41 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The results presented here are consistent with field measurements documenting the shift of treelines northward or upslope of previous climate limits, and a reduction in cone and seed yield for L. sibirica (Kharuk et al, 2009;Soja et al, 2007). They are also consistent with bioclimatic model results predicting a replacement of taiga with forest-steppe or steppe environments across southern Siberia (Tchebakova et al, 2005;Vygodskaya et al, 2007;Tchebakova et al, 2009). These results also suggest that warming temperatures will lead to a shift in the ability of larch to establish and may signal a collapse of the species in this genus.…”

Section: Low Diversity Regional and Local Scale Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Resilience and Stability Associated with Conversion of Boreal Forest

Shuman¹,

Shugart²

2012

Remote Sensing of Biomass - Principles and Applications

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Section: Low Diversity Regional and Local Scale Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Resilience and Stability Associated with Conversion of Boreal Forest

Shuman¹,

Shugart²

2012

Remote Sensing of Biomass - Principles and Applications

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“…Because of its tap root, however, pine avoids permafrost soils that thaw less than 1 to 2 m during summer, and thus in the coldest areas it is restricted to deeply thawing sandy soils in large river valleys (Tchebakova et al . ; Troeva et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Pinus sylvestris can also withstand extremely cold winter temperatures, for example in highly continental central Siberia (Tchebakova et al . ). Because of its tap root, however, pine avoids permafrost soils that thaw less than 1 to 2 m during summer, and thus in the coldest areas it is restricted to deeply thawing sandy soils in large river valleys (Tchebakova et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Younger Dryas cold stage vegetation patterns of central Europe – climate, soil and relief controls

Theuerkauf

Joosten

2012

Boreas

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In the north Atlantic region the final period of the last ice age saw abrupt shifts between near present‐day warm and near ice age cold conditions, ending with the cold Younger Dryas. The effects of the cold periods may have been more severe in the vicinity of the Atlantic Ocean than in continental Europe. We use pollen percentage and influx data combined with data on substrate and relief to reconstruct spatially explicit vegetation composition, patterns and development during the Younger Dryas, with special focus on to the forest/non‐forest transition across NE Germany. Opposing trends, such as birch pollen percentages sharply increasing but accumulation rates sharply decreasing northwards, underline pitfalls in the interpretation of pollen percentage data in tree‐line situations. The combined approach reveals a sharp ecotone. Pine declined on northern sites, possibly because of permafrost formation, but was hardly affected in the south. Birch also declined in the south, possibly because of the severe winter cold. Cold‐adapted trees did not enter forest gaps. The cooling had little impact on herbal vegetation. Steppe elements (grasses, Artemisia) were largely restricted to south‐exposed slopes and did not benefit from the cooling – patches of steppe vegetation were even less abundant than during the preceding warm periods. The approach of combining fossil pollen data, including accumulation rates, with data on the contemporary distribution of substrate and relief allowed unprecedented spatial resolution to be reached in the reconstruction of Younger Dryas vegetation patterns.

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“…Our satellite and tree‐ring analyses demonstrated that rising temperatures over the second half of the 20th century enhanced plant growth along the northeast Eurasian taiga margin; a change that has been predicted by dynamic vegetation models (Tchebakova et al ., ; Pearson et al ., ). The analyses furthermore revealed that growth depended on water availability and, in the case of larch forests, on other factors potentially related to permafrost dynamics and wildfires.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant response to climate change along the forest‐tundra ecotone in northeastern Siberia

Berner

Beck

Bunn

et al. 2013

Global Change Biology

135

120

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Russia's boreal (taiga) biome will likely contract sharply and shift northward in response to 21st century climatic change, yet few studies have examined plant response to climatic variability along the northern margin. We quantified climate dynamics, trends in plant growth, and growth-climate relationships across the tundra shrublands and Cajander larch (Larix cajanderi Mayr.) woodlands of the Kolyma river basin (657 000 km(2) ) in northeastern Siberia using satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation indices (NDVI), tree ring-width measurements, and climate data. Mean summer temperatures (Ts ) increased 1.0 °C from 1938 to 2009, though there was no trend (P > 0.05) in growing year precipitation or climate moisture index (CMIgy ). Mean summer NDVI (NDVIs ) increased significantly from 1982 to 2010 across 20% of the watershed, primarily in cold, shrub-dominated areas. NDVIs positively correlated (P < 0.05) with Ts across 56% of the watershed (r = 0.52 ± 0.09, mean ± SD), principally in cold areas, and with CMIgy across 9% of the watershed (r = 0.45 ± 0.06), largely in warm areas. Larch ring-width measurements from nine sites revealed that year-to-year (i.e., high-frequency) variation in growth positively correlated (P < 0.05) with June temperature (r = 0.40) and prior summer CMI (r = 0.40) from 1938 to 2007. An unexplained multi-decadal (i.e., low-frequency) decline in annual basal area increment (BAI) occurred following the mid-20th century, but over the NDVI record there was no trend in mean BAI (P > 0.05), which significantly correlated with NDVIs (r = 0.44, P < 0.05, 1982-2007). Both satellite and tree-ring analyses indicated that plant growth was constrained by both low temperatures and limited moisture availability and, furthermore, that warming enhanced growth. Impacts of future climatic change on forests near treeline in Arctic Russia will likely be influenced by shifts in both temperature and moisture, which implies that projections of future forest distribution and productivity in this area should take into account the interactions of energy and moisture limitations.

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From Vegetation Zones to Climatypes: Effects of Climate Warming on Siberian Ecosystems

Cited by 41 publications

References 19 publications

Resilience and Stability Associated with Conversion of Boreal Forest

Resilience and Stability Associated with Conversion of Boreal Forest

Younger Dryas cold stage vegetation patterns of central Europe – climate, soil and relief controls

Plant response to climate change along the forest‐tundra ecotone in northeastern Siberia

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