“…Depending on the social structure of each community, men occupied various social roles (some were women-centered, some egalitarian, and others male-centered; Allen, 1992). Men were providers through hunting, warriors who protected communities, medicine people and spiritualists, active participants in trade and politics, and parents who mentored the next generation (Alfred & Lowe, 2005;Allen, 1992;Paul, 2000). Varied roles, from warrior-hunters to caretakers, allowed a range of gender expression for men; however, these roles and gender norms were destabilized by the hegemonic masculine norms of the Euro-Western colonizer (Mussell, 2005).…”