Frontal lobe functions and personality in mentally abnormal offenders

Devonshire, Paul; Howard, Richard C.; Sellars, Carol

doi:10.1016/0191-8869(88)90096-7

Cited by 47 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For instance, relying on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Gorenstein [1982] concluded that psychopaths, like patients with frontal lobe dysfunction, suffer from a major cognitive deficit in the modulation of dominant response sets. However, other studies have provided divergent results [Devonshire et al, 1988;Fedora and Fedora, 1983;Hare, 1984;Hart et al, 1990;Smith et al, 1992]. The discrepancy among the results may be related to methodological shortcomings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Selective attention and executive functions deficits among criminal psychopaths

Pham

Vanderstukken²,

Philippot³

et al. 2003

Aggressive Behavior

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The present study examined whether psychopaths exhibit deficits in selective attention and executive functions. Prison inmates were assigned to either a “psychopath” group or a “control” group according to their scores on the PCL‐R [Hare, 1991: Toronto, Multi‐Health Systems]. The two groups were compared in terms of performance on the following tests: (1) D‐II cancellation, (2) Porteus Maze, (3) Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting, (4) Stroop Color Word Interference, (5) Trail Making, and (6) Tower of London. The results support the hypothesis of selective attention and specific executive function deficits among psychopaths. Specifically, psychopaths' abilities to maintain a plan and to inhibit irrelevant information were inferior to those of control participants. Aggr. Behav. 29:393–405, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Selective attention and executive functions deficits among criminal psychopaths

Pham

Vanderstukken²,

Philippot³

et al. 2003

Aggressive Behavior

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“…One topic that remains controversial concerns the question as to whether psychopathy is associated with a general executive dysfunction, including response inhibition deficits. For instance, although some studies interpreted their results as indicative of executive, including inhibition, deficits [Gorenstein, 1982;Lapierre et al, 1995;Roussy and Toupin, 2000], others found less evidence or even a better performance on certain tasks [Devonshire et al, 1988;Hare, 1984].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Differential Associations Between Psychopathy Dimensions, Types of Aggression, and Response Inhibition

Feilhauer

Cima

Korebrits

et al. 2011

Aggressive Behavior

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Findings on executive functioning in psychopathy are inconsistent. Different associations between psychopathy dimensions and executive functioning might explain contradicting findings. This study examined the role of psychopathy dimensions and types of aggression in response inhibition among 117 male adolescents (53 antisocial delinquents and 64 controls). Participants completed a self-report measure of aggression and a GoNoGo task. Psychopathy dimensions were assessed using the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version. Although high scores on the antisocial dimension and reactive aggression were associated with poor response inhibition, the affective-interpersonal dimension, proactive aggression, and verbal intelligence (IQ) were related to better response inhibition (two-factor model). Associations with the affective-interpersonal dimensions did not reach significance. Exploratory analyses showed that affective and antisocial facets accounted for the obtained opposing associations of the affective-interpersonal and antisocial psychopathy dimensions with response inhibition. The interpersonal and lifestyle facets (four-facet model) were unrelated to response inhibition. Results could not be explained by Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Findings suggest differential associations between the psychopathy dimensions, types of aggression, and response inhibition. Therefore, a dimensional approach to psychopathy and related concepts, such as aggression, might strongly improve diagnostic procedures. Global scores could mask important differential associations.

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“…Furthermore, its findings have not been replicated by many subsequent studies [Devonshire et al, 1988;Hare, 1984;Hart et al, 1990;Hoffman et al, 1987;Smith et al, 1992;Sutker and Allain, 1987]. However, the neuropsychological measures used in these studies may have been insufficiently sensitive to the specific deficits of psychopaths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Behavioral inhibition deficits in juvenile psychopaths

Roussy

Toupin

2000

Aggr. Behav.

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Although many studies have shown that delinquents are impaired on certain executive function tasks related to frontal lobe functioning, whether psychopaths present with such impairments is still controversial. Lapierre et al. [1995. Neuropsychologia 33:139–151] have investigated a more specific hypothesis of orbitofrontal deficits in psychopaths and found that psychopathic criminals are impaired on tasks involving behavioral inhibition and olfactory discrimination. The present study sought to replicate these results with juvenile psychopaths 14 to 18 years of age. As expected, psychopaths were found to be significantly impaired on behavioral inhibition tasks. However, psychopathic and nonpsychopathic inmates performed similarly on measures related to the dorsolateral area of the frontal lobe. Also, no significant intergroup difference was noted on the olfactory discrimination task. Although an orbitofrontal deficit in psychopathy remains possible, it is suggested to explain results through a functional inhibition deficit that is not specifically related to orbitofrontal processing. Aggr. Behav. 26:413–424, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Frontal lobe functions and personality in mentally abnormal offenders

Cited by 47 publications

References 14 publications

Selective attention and executive functions deficits among criminal psychopaths

Selective attention and executive functions deficits among criminal psychopaths

Differential Associations Between Psychopathy Dimensions, Types of Aggression, and Response Inhibition

Behavioral inhibition deficits in juvenile psychopaths

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