“…The mainstream literature on emotional labor consists of two aspects:(1) the effect on frontline employees themself, such as the effect on one's work status or mental health (Choi et al, 2019;Diestel et al, 2015;McGinley &Wei, 2020); (2) the effect on others, such as the impact on customer satisfaction and participation (Ashforth & Humphrey, 1993;Chi & Chen, 2019;Hur et al, 2015;Seger-Guttmann & Medler-Liraz, 2016). While most of prior studies have focused on the discussion between frontline employees and customers, recent studies indicate that emotional labor also occurs when interacting with coworkers (Gabriel et al, 2020;Kang & Jang, 2022). Considering the cooperative characteristics of service encounters, frontline employees interact with co-workers in their daily work inevitably and the interactions among coworkers tend to be more continuous and impactful compare to one-time customer services (Gabriel et al, 2020).…”