Frontline healthcare workers’ knowledge and perception of COVID-19 and willingness to work during the pandemic in Nepal: a nationwide cross-sectional web-based study

Abstract

Background The health sector's effectiveness during a pandemic primarily depends on the availability, knowledge, skills, perceptions, and motivations of frontline healthcare workers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the contextual factors associated with the knowledge, perceptions, and the willingness of frontline healthcare workers to work during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal. Methods A total of 1051 frontline health-workers from all seven Nepalese provinces were included in this web-based cross-sectional study, which was conducted in May 2020. Using a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, we collected information on knowledge, perceptions, and the willingness of frontline healthcare workers to work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify independent associations between predictors and outcome variables. Results Of the 1051 frontline health-workers, 17.2% were found to have inadequate knowledge on COVID-19, 63.6% reported unsatisfactory perceptions of government response, and 35.9% showed an unwillingness to work during the pandemic. Health workers at local health facilities (AOR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.17-0.68) and those with chronic diseases were less likely to have adequate knowledge of COVID-19. Nurses (AOR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1.38-3.18), health-workers from Karnali Province (AOR: 2.62; 95% CI: 1.52-4.53), and those who had adequate knowledge of COVID-19 (AOR: 3.86; 95% CI: 2.51-6.16) were more likely to have satisfactory perception towards government response to COVID-19. In addition, laboratory-workers, health workers from Karnali province, and those with adequate knowledge (AOR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.27-2.58) were more likely to work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions We concluded that frontline healthcare workers have some gaps in knowledge-related to COVID-19; about two-thirds of them had a negative perception of government response, and nearly one-third of them were unwilling to work. These observations demonstrate that prompt actions are required to improve health-worker knowledge of COVID-19, address negative perceptions to government responses, and motivate them to provide healthcare services during the pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19, Health-workers, Knowledge, Perception, Willingness

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