Fronts in the Baltic Sea: A Review with a Focus on Its North-Eastern Part

Suursaar, Ülo; Elken, Jüri; Belkin, Igor M.

doi:10.1007/698_2021_813

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…8; Suursaar & Aps 2007;Lips et al 2009). Upwelling in the Baltic Sea can form thermohaline fronts that are much stronger than other kind of fronts in the same area (Suursaar et al 2021). Quantification of maximum spatial SST differences through the front requires cloud-free SST images or modelling.…”

Section: Sequential Interaction Between Hws Mhws and Cusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summer 2021 marine heat wave in the Gulf of Finland from the perspective of climate warming

Suursaar¹

2022

EJES

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The summer 2021 heat waves (HWs) and marine heat waves (MHWs) were analysed on the basis of air and water temperatures measured both in the open part of the Gulf of Finland at buoys and lighthouses and some land-based stations. The summer of 2021 (June, July, August) was the hottest on record in Estonia with distinct HW episodes around 18-23 June, 4-10 July and 13-18 July. Water temperatures reached up to 26.5 °C at the Kunda coastal station on 16 July and up to 28.1 °C at the Narva-Jõesuu coastal station on 15-16 July. At the Gulf of Finland wave buoys, high water temperatures were measured on 14 July: 26.6 °C (24-h average 25.5 °C) in the central part of the gulf and 27.9 °C (24-h average 25.8 °C) at the Kotka buoy. Analysis of satellite sea surface temperature (SST) data showed that the gulf-wide average SST was 26.3 °C on 15 July. The MHW events were interrupted by several coastal upwelling (CU) episodes, occasionally causing water temperatures lower than 5 °C. The CU events occurred either on the gulf's northern side, with prevailing westerlies, or its southern side, with easterlies. A comparison of summers suggested the following ranking of the HWs, valid for the region of the Gulf of Finland in 2010

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Section: Sequential Interaction Between Hws Mhws and Cusmentioning

confidence: 99%