Frost risks in the Mantaro river basin

Trasmonte, Grace; Chavez, Raul; Segura, Berlin; Rosales, Jon

doi:10.5194/adgeo-14-265-2008

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Hejazizadeh and Naserzadeh [14] categorized frost as weak (0 ∘ C to 2 ∘ C), moderate (−2 ∘ C to −4 ∘ C), or severe (below −4 ∘ C) in Iran. Trasmonte et al [15] studied the frost risk in the Mantaro River basin of Peru using the following limits: 5 ∘ C, 2.5 ∘ C, 0 ∘ C, −2 ∘ C, and −4 ∘ C. The threshold to use has to be specific according to a crop of interest but different thresholds can also be used to show severity of frost risk or to accommodate a variety of crops. Grain crops including maize freeze at temperatures below 0 ∘ C, so a screen temperature of 0 ∘ C is a suitable indicator of damaging frost [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Study of Frost Occurrence in Free State Province of South Africa

Moeletsi

Tongwane

Tsubo

2016

Advances in Meteorology

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The study investigated the cessation, onset, and duration of light, medium, and heavy frost in Free State province of South Africa using minimum temperatures from 1960 to 2015. Trends in the frost indices were assessed using the Man-Kendall test. Onset of frost varied spatially with earlier onset over the northern, eastern, and southeastern parts. Areas of early onset also experience late cessation of frost resulting in shorter growing period of less than 240 days. The western parts have longer growing period exceeding 240 days due to earlier cessation of frost and relatively late onset of frost. Trends for the frost-free period (growing period) show contrasting negative and positive trends with isolated significant trends.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The critical temperature for maize is between −1 ∘ C and −2 ∘ C [17]. Trasmonte et al [15] used the 5 ∘ C threshold to determine the frost risk analysis for the maize crop due to its sensitivity to low temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study of Frost Occurrence in Free State Province of South Africa

Moeletsi

Tongwane

Tsubo

2016

Advances in Meteorology

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“…These circulation anomalies are consistent with the weakening of the Bolivian High–Nordeste Low system at upper‐tropospheric levels (Chen et al, ) during the days of occurrence of extreme cold episodes in the MB. These results show that extreme cold episodes in the MB are caused mainly by anomalous incursions of cold and dry air masses, advected from the southernmost part of South America (Garreaud, ; ; Trasmonte et al, ; Metz et al, ), while few extreme cold events in the MB are caused by cut‐off lows (Fuenzalida et al, ; Garreaud and Fuenzalida, ) or dry spell events in the MB (Sulca et al, ). The specific regional processes associated with cut‐off lows and dry spells in the MB for the generation of ECEs in the MB during austral summer will not be considered in the remainder of the analysis.…”

Section: Climatological Features Of Extreme Cold Episodes In the Mbmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Trasmonte et al . () documented that the local population of the central Peruvian Andes assumes that incursions of cold and dry air masses represent the main physical mechanism to generate cold episodes in the MB during austral summer. In contrast, Montes de Oca () pointed out that cold surges sometimes generate sporadic precipitation events during their propagation along the eastern slope of the Bolivian central Andes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In South America, several observational and numerical studies have documented how cold surges can lead to a dramatic drop in air temperature along their trajectory during their northward propagation (Garreaud and Wallace, 1997;Garreaud, 1999a;1999b;2000;Lupo et al, 2001;Garreaud et al, 2003;2009;Metz et al, 2013). Trasmonte et al (2008) documented that the local population of the central Peruvian Andes assumes that incursions of cold and dry air masses represent the main physical mechanism to generate cold episodes in the MB during austral summer. In contrast, Montes de Oca (1995) pointed out that cold surges sometimes generate sporadic precipitation events during their propagation along the eastern slope of the Bolivian central Andes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climatology of extreme cold events in the central Peruvian Andes during austral summer: origin, types and teleconnections

Sulca

Vuille

Roundy

et al. 2018

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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The climatological and large‐scale characteristics of the extreme cold events (ECEs) in the central Peruvian Andes (Mantaro basin (MB)) during austral summer (January–March) are examined using reanalysis, gridded and in situ surface minimum temperature (Tmin) data for the 1979–2010 period. To describe the influence of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) on ECEs in the MB, two ECE groups are defined on the basis of the sign of the outgoing long‐wave radiation (OLR) anomalies in the MJO band (30–100 days, 0–9 eastward) at 12.5°S, 75°W. Type‐1 ECEs occur during the suppressed convection phase of the MJO (OLR anomalies ≥+2 W/m2) while Type‐2 ECEs occur during the enhanced convection phase of the MJO (OLR anomalies ≤−2 W/m2). ECEs in the MB are associated with the advection of cold and dry air along the east of the Andes through equatorward propagation of extratropical Rossby wave trains (ERWTs). This cold advection weakens the Bolivian High–Nordeste Low (BH‐NL) system over South America (SA) at upper‐tropospheric levels. The MJO is an important driver of ECEs in the MB, favouring the cold advection along the Andes during specific MJO phases. Fifty‐nine per cent of Type‐1 ECE's and 86% of Type‐2 ECE's occur in MJO Phases 7‐2. Type‐1 and 2 ECEs feature a weakened BH over SA at upper‐tropospheric levels. For Type‐1, ERWTs emanate from southeastern Africa in MJO Phases 8‐1 while ERWTs are strengthened when crossing the subtropical southern Pacific Ocean during MJO Phases 2 and 7. With respect to Type‐2, MJO Phases 7‐2 feature circumpolar Rossby wave trains propagating toward SA. Ultimately, MJO Phases 7‐2 induce negative Tmin anomalies over MB, while MJO Phases 3‐6 induce positive Tmin anomalies. El Niño and La Niña strengthen negative Tmin anomalies over the MB during MJO Phases 7‐8 while they weaken positive Tmin anomalies over the MB during MJO Phases 3‐6.

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Climate change, power, and vulnerabilities in the Peruvian Highlands

Heikkinen

2021

Reg Environ Change

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The intensifying impacts of climate change pose a serious global threat, particularly for rural populations whose livelihoods are closely tied to natural resources. Yet there is a lack of critical understanding of how asymmetric power dynamics shape the vulnerabilities of such populations under climate change. This article examines the interrelations between smallholders’ climate-related vulnerability experiences and power relations across multiple scales of climate adaptation in the Peruvian Andes, a region susceptible to increasing climatic threats. The analysis draws on a case study conducted in the Mantaro River Valley in Central Peru using qualitative methods: open-ended interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. Findings of the study show that in the context of climate change, the production of vulnerabilities has much to do with larger socio-political structures in which protection of the highland farmers is not prioritized. The impact of the uneven scalar power dynamics in climate adaptation and other overlapping fields of policy have created uneven terms of adaptation among smallholders. This has created marginalization, conflicts, and deepened smallholders’ vulnerabilities under climate change. I argue that to reach a better understanding of the multidimensionality of vulnerabilities, more detailed attention must be paid to place-based climate experiences within context-specific, socio-political processes, and to the ways these are shaped by unequal power relations across multiple scales.

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Frost risks in the Mantaro river basin

Cited by 14 publications

References 1 publication

The Study of Frost Occurrence in Free State Province of South Africa

The Study of Frost Occurrence in Free State Province of South Africa

Climatology of extreme cold events in the central Peruvian Andes during austral summer: origin, types and teleconnections

Climate change, power, and vulnerabilities in the Peruvian Highlands

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