2022
DOI: 10.1111/mec.16629
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Frozen in time: Rangewide genomic diversity, structure, and demographic history of relict American chestnut populations

Abstract: American chestnut (Castanea dentata) was once the most economically and ecologically important hardwood species in the eastern United States. In the first half of the 20th century, an exotic fungal pathogen—Cryphonectria parasitica—decimated the species, killing billions of chestnut trees. Two approaches to developing blight‐resistant American chestnut populations show promise, but both will require introduction of adaptive genomic diversity from wild germplasm to produce diverse, locally adapted restoration p… Show more

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Cited by 13 publications
(26 citation statements)
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“…In addition, major biogeographic barriers here, especially the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River, are typically associated with changes in habitat and the formation of genetically distinct lineages/species (Rissler & Smith, 2010; Soltis et al., 2006; Wieringa et al., 2020; Zellmer et al., 2012). Although a number of phylogeographic studies have examined the genetic structure and population dynamics of endemics in ENA (Beatty & Provan, 2010; Campbell‐Staton et al., 2012; Prior et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2023; Westergaard et al., 2019), the effects of heterogeneous landscapes on genetic differentiation have been rarely investigated (but see Moreira et al., 2023; Sandercock et al., 2022; Shen et al., 2022). Ultimately, the key to resolving the processes that shape genetic variation across spatial scales is an integrated description of paleo‐climate, geographical and heterogeneous environmental factors in the evolutionary history.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, major biogeographic barriers here, especially the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River, are typically associated with changes in habitat and the formation of genetically distinct lineages/species (Rissler & Smith, 2010; Soltis et al., 2006; Wieringa et al., 2020; Zellmer et al., 2012). Although a number of phylogeographic studies have examined the genetic structure and population dynamics of endemics in ENA (Beatty & Provan, 2010; Campbell‐Staton et al., 2012; Prior et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2023; Westergaard et al., 2019), the effects of heterogeneous landscapes on genetic differentiation have been rarely investigated (but see Moreira et al., 2023; Sandercock et al., 2022; Shen et al., 2022). Ultimately, the key to resolving the processes that shape genetic variation across spatial scales is an integrated description of paleo‐climate, geographical and heterogeneous environmental factors in the evolutionary history.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Genomic data results in more accurate characterization of genetic diversity and enables analyses dependent on genomic coordinates, functional annotations, and examination of features outside of the gene space, such as structural variants and regulatory elements (Fuentes-Pardo and Ruzzante 2017). Reference genomes combined with resequencing across a species’ range are being used, for example, to designate conservation units for the critically endangered Artocarpus nanchuanensis (Xia et al 2023), to guide the selection of adaptive traits such as drought resistance in Fagus sylvatica (European beech; Pfenninger et al 2021), to understand the adaptive potential in crop wild relatives (Wambugu and Henry 2022), and to aid in the restoration of locally-adapted Castanea dentata (American chestnut; Sandercock et al 2022). The practice of conservation genomics will continue to increase as sequencing technology becomes more efficient and less expensive, computational resources and analytical techniques advance, and existing data and methodological resources grow via concerted efforts such as the Earth BioGenome Project (Lewin et al 2018; Exposito-Alonso et al 2020).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To distinguish evolutionarily distinct taxa, ESUs should be reciprocal monophyly revealed by organelle DNA and show significant divergence of allele frequencies at nuclear loci (Moritz, 1994 ). For the convenience of conservation practices, groups of individuals with significant differentiations in allele frequency at nuclear or organelle DNA loci but not phylogenetic distinctiveness are also considered to be important, because they reflect intraspecific evolutionary potential and may represent functional differentiations, which is considered as MUs (Moritz, 1994 ; Olsen et al, 2014 ; Sandercock et al, 2022 ). Besides, another criterion of recognizing conservation units is that the observed strong genetic differentiations have been stable for the long term.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%