Frozen Soil Material Testing and Constitutive Modeling

Lee, Moo Y.; Fossum, A.F.; Costin, L.S.; Bronowski, David R.; Jung, Joseph

doi:10.2172/793403

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Compression tests on frozen soils indicate that the behavior can be represented by the normal compression line (NCL) in the v, lnp plane, and the unloading-reloading line (URL) (Qi et al, 2010, Lee et al, 2002. The slopes of these lines can vary, and they depend on the extent of freezing.…”

Section: Constitutive Model For Freezing and Thawing Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiphysical Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Frost Heave and Thaw Settlement

Zhang

Michałowski²

2014

Geo-Congress 2014 Technical Papers

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A good portion of silty soils and clays is characterized by susceptibility to frost heaving. These soils may have dramatically different properties and exhibit large growth upon freezing, depending on the thermal state. A thermal process could significantly change the quantitative content of the soil mixture components, and alter the mixture microstructure. An increase in soil strength along with frost heave occurs as the soil freezes, while during the melting process, settlement and thaw weakening is expected. Both frost heave and thaw settlement may cause significant damage to the infrastructure.In this paper, a THM model (thermal-hydro-mechanical) will be introduced first, describing the multi-physical nature of freezing and thawing soils. The model includes elastic-plastic constitutive relationship based on the critical state framework. The influence of ice content is introduced into modified Cam clay model to capture the stress-deformation behavior and strength evolution of the soil subjected to loading and temperature changes. The model was implemented into the finite element system ABAQUS and was calibrated using experimental data. A soil column subjected to freezing was simulated successfully, with the results being quite reasonable.

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Section: Constitutive Model For Freezing and Thawing Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiphysical Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Frost Heave and Thaw Settlement

Zhang

Michałowski²

2014

Geo-Congress 2014 Technical Papers

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“…The same triaxial pressure vessel has been used to characterize other materials such as ALOX (Alumina Loaded Epoxy) and frozen soil (Lee et al, 2002). The pressure vessel is composed of HP 9-4-20 alloy steel and equipped with twelve coaxial feed-throughs.…”

Section: Experimental Set-up and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase transformation of PZST-86/14-5-2Nb ceramic under quasi-static loading conditions.

Broome¹,

Scofield²,

Montgomery³

et al. 2010

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Specimens of poled and unpoled PZST ceramic were tested under hydrostatic loading conditions at temperatures of -55, 25, and 75°C. The objective of this experimental study was to obtain the electro-mechanical properties of the ceramic and the criteria of FE (Ferroelectric) to AFE (Antiferroelectric) phase transformations of the PZST ceramic to aid grain-scale modeling efforts in developing and testing realistic response models for use in simulation codes. As seen in previous studies, the poled ceramic from PZST undergoes anisotropic deformation during the transition from a FE to an AFE phase at -55°C. Warmer temperature tests exhibit anisotropic deformation in both the FE and AFE phase. The phase transformation is permanent at -55°C for all ceramics tests, whereas the transformation can be completely reversed at 25 and 75°C. The change in the phase transformation pressures at different temperatures were practically identical for both unpoled and poled PZST specimens. Bulk modulus for both poled and unpoled material was lowest in the FE phase, intermediate in the transition phase, and highest in the AFE phase. Additionally, bulk modulus varies with temperature in that PZST is stiffer as temperature decreases. Results from one poled-biased test for PZST and four poled-biased tests from PNZT 95/5-2Nb are presented. A bias of 1kV did not show noticeable differences in phase transformation pressure for the PZST material. However, with PNZT 95/5-2Nb phase transformation pressure increased with increasing voltage bias up to 4.5kV. 3 AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge Thomas Pfeifle for his critical review of this report. The authors also thank Tim Scofield for overseeing fabrication of the PZST specimens.

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“…The same triaxial pressure vessel has been used to characterize other materials such as ALOX (aluminaloaded Epoxy) and frozen soil (Lee et al, 2002). The pressure vessel was composed of HF9-4-20 alloy steel and equipped with twelve coaxial feed-throughs.…”

Section: Experimental Set-up and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase transformation of "chem-prep" PZT 95/5-2Nb HF1035 ceramic under quasi-static loading conditions.

Montgomery¹,

Lee²,

Meier³

et al. 2006

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Specimens of poled and unpoled "chem-prep" PNZT ceramic from batch HF1035 were tested under hydrostatic, uniaxial, and constant stress difference loading conditions at -55, 25, and 75°C. The objective of this experimental study was to characterize the mechanical properties and conditions for the ferroelectric (FE) to antiferroelectric (AFE) phase transformations of this "chem-prep" PNZT ceramic to aid grain-scale modeling efforts in developing and testing realistic response models for use in simulation codes. As seen from a previously characterized material (batch HF803), poled ceramic from HF1035 was seen to undergo anisotropic deformation during the transition from a FE to an AFE phase. Also, the phase transformation was found to be permanent for the two low temperature conditions, whereas the transformation can be completely reversed at the highest temperature. The rates of increase in the phase transformation pressures with temperature were practically identical for both unpoled and poled PNZT HF1035 specimens. We observed that temperature spread the phase transformation over mean stress analogous to the observed spread over mean stress due to shear stress. Additionally, for poled ceramic samples, the FE to AFE phase transformation was seen to occur when the normal compressive stress, acting perpendicular to a crystallographic plane about the polar axis, equals the hydrostatic pressure at which the transformation otherwise takes place.3

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Frozen Soil Material Testing and Constitutive Modeling

Cited by 32 publications

References 8 publications

Multiphysical Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Frost Heave and Thaw Settlement

Multiphysical Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Frost Heave and Thaw Settlement

Phase transformation of PZST-86/14-5-2Nb ceramic under quasi-static loading conditions.

Phase transformation of "chem-prep" PZT 95/5-2Nb HF1035 ceramic under quasi-static loading conditions.

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