FRP reinforcement of low-grade glulam timber bonded with wood adhesive

Raftery, Gary M.; Rodd, P.D.

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.026

Cited by 58 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Fiorelli [ 48 ] and Raftery [ 49 , 50 , 51 ] conducted laboratory tests and statistical analyses of the results. Figure 7 a shows the configuration of a prepared reinforcement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Glue Cohesive Stiffness on the Elastic Performance of Bent Wood–CFRP Beams

Kawecki

Podgórski

2020

Materials

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This paper presents experimental, theoretical and numerical studies of wood-CFRP beams bonded with polyurethane (PUR) adhesive. The analyses include two types of CFRP (carbon fibre-reinforced polymer) strengthening configurations and pure glue laminated timber beams as a reference. Through detailed analyses of a double-lap connection on blocks with and without CFRP strips, the authors state that neglecting the cohesive stiffness of adhesive layers may lead to an overestimation of an overall beam’s stiffness. This is significant with wood–CFRP connections, which showed values two times lower than with wood–wood connections. Theoretical modelling of the equivalent area used in a theory of composites provided much stiffer behaviour of the beams than in laboratory experiments. It proves that a PUR glue eliminates the possibility of using simple models that assume a perfect connection between bonded parts. These conclusions led the authors to use the finite element method (FEM) to take into account the cohesive stiffness. The FEM, based on the properties obtained from a double-lap joint analysis, allowed for the precise prediction of the elastic stiffness of the beams.

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“…Fiorelli [ 48 ] and Raftery [ 49 , 50 , 51 ] conducted laboratory tests and statistical analyses of the results. Figure 7 a shows the configuration of a prepared reinforcement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Glue Cohesive Stiffness on the Elastic Performance of Bent Wood–CFRP Beams

Kawecki

Podgórski

2020

Materials

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“…In recent times, FRP reinforcements have been deeply applied to strengthen and retrofit timber structures [9][10][11][12][13][14]. However, the development of new hybrid FRP-timber products is very scarce and limited [15][16][17][18]. FRP reinforcements have some advantages over other traditional reinforcement materials, such as steel, in terms of properties and durability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal GFRP Reinforcement of Low-Grade Maritime Pine Duo Timber Beams

2020

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This paper presented an experimental structural-scale test campaign used to analyze the flexural behavior of low-grade maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) duo timber beams reinforced with an internal glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) sheet. For this purpose, thirty (30) unreinforced duo beams and thirty (30) duo beams internally reinforced with a unidirectional GFRP sheet with an areal mass of 1200 g/m2 were produced and tested. The addition of a low GFRP reinforcement ratio (1.07%) in the tension zone of the duo beams provided an average improvement of 8.37% in bending stiffness (EI) and an increase of up to 18.45% in ultimate moment capacity. In addition to this improved bending behavior, the internal GFRP reinforcements seemed to decrease the influence of wood singularities and wood heterogeneity on mechanical properties, which allowed for better characteristic values to be reached and for the achievement of results with less variability.

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“…However, cut-out grooves in long span elements should be of minimal width, thus allowing for achieving the perfect visual effect. An important application of the method is the reinforcement of poor-quality pine timber, as described in Raftery and Rodd [ 4 ]. In Gilfillan et al [ 5 ], reinforcement was applied to increase the strength and rigidity of structural sawn timber of poor quality, and was also used in restoration of existing bridges made of glulam or solid timber [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basalt Fibre Reinforcement of Bent Heterogeneous Glued Laminated Beams

Wdowiak-Postulak

2020

Materials

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The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the properties of glued laminated beams made in diverse configurations of timber quality classes, reinforced using a new technique that is cheaper and easy to apply. The aim of the experimental investigations was to enhance reinforcement effectiveness and rigidity of glued laminated beams. The tests consisted of four-point bending of large-scale specimens reinforced with basalt fibres (BFRP). The tests were meant to obtain images of failure, the load–displacement relation and load carrying capacity of basalt fibres depending on the reinforcement ratio. The tests, which concerned low and average quality timber beams, were conducted in a few stages. The aim of the study was to popularize and increase the use of low-quality timber harvested from reafforested areas for structural applications. In the study, theoretical and numerical analysis was carried out for reinforced and unreinforced elements in various configurations of wood quality classes. The aim was to compare the results with the findings of experimental tests. Based on the tests, it was found that the load carrying capacity of beams reinforced with basalt fibre was higher by, respectively, 13% and 20% than that of reference beams, while their rigidity improved by, respectively, 9.99% and 17.13%. The experimental tests confirmed that basalt fibres are an effective structural reinforcement of structural timber with reduced mechanical properties.

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FRP reinforcement of low-grade glulam timber bonded with wood adhesive

Cited by 58 publications

References 21 publications

The Effect of Glue Cohesive Stiffness on the Elastic Performance of Bent Wood–CFRP Beams

The Effect of Glue Cohesive Stiffness on the Elastic Performance of Bent Wood–CFRP Beams

Internal GFRP Reinforcement of Low-Grade Maritime Pine Duo Timber Beams

Basalt Fibre Reinforcement of Bent Heterogeneous Glued Laminated Beams

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