Fructose: a highly lipogenic nutrient implicated in insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and the metabolic syndrome

Dekker, Mark J.; Su, Qiaozhu; Baker, Christopher L.; Rutledge, Angela C.; Adeli, Khosrow

doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00283.2010

Cited by 360 publications

(269 citation statements)

References 151 publications

(149 reference statements)

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“…An effect of fructose feeding on plasma triglycerides has also been reported in many studies on rats (7,22). Increased lipogenesis in the liver and reduced triglyceride clearance may explain the results (6). The high levels of free fatty acids produced in de novo lipogenesis may alter glucose metabolism and contribute to hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Fructose is a highly lipogenic sugar, and its consumption increases plasma triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in humans (6). In rats, prolonged feeding of fructose induces moderate hypertension, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and hypertriglyceridemia, all of which are signs of metabolic syndrome (7,8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, we tested whether fetally growthrestricted rats as compared with rats with normal growth are more prone to deleterious effects of fructose. IUGR has been shown to influence the development of the islets of Langerhans in rats and therefore impair their capacity to secrete insulin (6). On the other hand, fructose consumption has been shown to cause insulin resistance in rats (5).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Plasma lipid levels and body weight altered by intrauterine growth restriction and postnatal fructose diet in adult rats

et al. 2012

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Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is known to affect the risk of adult diseases. consumption of lipogenic fructose is increasing, and it is used as an enhancer of metabolic syndrome in rat experiments. The effects of IUGR, postnatal fructose diet, and their interaction on the lipid profile and adiposity were studied in adult rats. Methods: IUGR was induced by providing pregnant rats with 50% of daily food intake. From 1 mo onward, half of the offspring received a fructose-rich diet and were then followed to the age of 1 and 6 mo, when plasma lipid, glucose, and insulin levels were measured. The adipose tissue was visualized by magnetic resonance imaging at the age of 6 mo. results: IUGR and fructose diet decreased body weight in adult rats. IUGR increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in 6-mo-old rats. The fructose diet evoked hypertriglyceridemia and hyperinsulinemia in both the sexes and decreased fasting glucose levels in female rats. Postnatal fructose diet increased lipid content percentage in the retroperitoneal and intra-abdominal adipose tissues in male rats. Interactions between IUGR and postnatal fructose diet were observed in adult weight in males. conclusion: These results demonstrate the importance of IUGR and fructose diet in adverse changes in lipid and glucose metabolism. t he terms "programming, " "fetal origins hypothesis, " and "metabolic imprinting" are used to describe the conditions in the uterus that can lead to possibly permanent or at least longterm changes in the systems involved in growth and metabolism (1,2). Epidemiological studies indicate that low birth weight is related to the risk of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis in adulthood. Poor fetal growth has also been linked to adult obesity, hypertension, and abnormal lipid metabolism (3).There is an interaction between the prenatal and postnatal environments on the health outcome of the offspring (3). Some, but not all, of the infants born small for gestational age show catch-up growth. Those experiencing early catch-up growth tend to have a higher BMI and fat mass as children (4), and according to some studies, they are at an increased risk for adult diseases as compared with those not showing catch-up growth (5). Therefore, it is interesting to elucidate the possible interactions between the prenatal growth and postnatal environment and their effects on the metabolic profile of the offspring.Fructose is a highly lipogenic sugar, and its consumption increases plasma triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in humans (6). In rats, prolonged feeding of fructose induces moderate hypertension, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and hypertriglyceridemia, all of which are signs of metabolic syndrome (7,8). Therefore, fructose-fed rats are often used as a model of the metabolic syndrome (9).We performed a study of fetal growth restriction in rats. Initially, we aimed to determine if intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) could affect plasma chole...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Plasma lipid levels and body weight altered by intrauterine growth restriction and postnatal fructose diet in adult rats

et al. 2012

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“…Uszkodzenie komó-rek beta trzustki nie pozwala na produkcję odpowiedniej ilości insuliny, co powoduje wystąpienie hiperglikemii i może prowadzić do rozwoju cukrzycy typu 2 [26]. W literaturze istnieje wiele dowodów na to, że fruktoza spożywana w dużych ilościach przyczynia się do rozwoju wątrobowej i tkankowej insulinooporności u zwierząt [15,27,28,29,30]. Dostępna literatura nie pozwala jednak na jednoznaczną ocenę wpływu spożycia fruktozy na insulinowrażliwość u ludzi.…”

Section: Wpływ Spożycia Fruktozy Na Insulinoopornośćunclassified

Metabolic effects of excessive consumption of fructose

Okręglicka¹,

Pardecki²,

Jagielska³

et al. 2017

Med Og Nauk Zdr.

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“…and the expected abolition of production quotas of HFCS in Europe (after 2017). On the one hand, HFCS is regarded as a high-fructose sweetener, with the potential to cause metabolic abnormalities, since fructose has been implicated in the development of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome [9]. However, it is often overlooked that HFCS contains only 50% fructose, which makes it comparable to sucrose and honey rather than pure fructose.…”

Section: Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macronutrient Composition and Management of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM): A New Paradigm for Individualized Nutritional Therapy in Diabetes Patients

Koloverou

Panagiotakos

2016

Rev Diabet Stud

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■ AbstractMedical nutrition therapy constitutes an important lifestyle intervention in diabetes management. Several nutrition patterns have been effective in improving diabetes control, but there has been a debate about the optimal macronutrient composition in diabetes meal planning. For many years, the recommended diets for persons with and without diabetes were similar, i.e. heart-healthy and low in fat. For almost three decades, carbohydrates have been lauded, lipids demonized, and proteins considered of little importance. However, in the past few years, this concept has been questioned and reassessed. Modern nutritional recommendations for people with diabetes are headed towards individualization, but lack specific guidelines. Nutritional algorithms may help nutritionists in diabetes meal planning. This review aims to discuss: 1) the effects of the three major macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids) on glucose levels, 2) current recommendations for macronutrient intake for people with diabetes, and 3) specific parameters that need to be taken into consideration when determining the macronutrient composition for a person with diabetes, for example body mass index, degree of insulin resistance, HbA1c value, and lipid profile (especially triglycerides and HDL cholesterol). These aspects are analyzed in the context of the results of recent studies, especially randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Finally, we introduce an individualized nutritional concept that proposes carbohydrate over lipid restriction, substitution of SFAs with MUFAs and PUFAs, and adequate intake of dietary fiber, which are key factors in optimizing diabetes management.

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Fructose: a highly lipogenic nutrient implicated in insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and the metabolic syndrome

Cited by 360 publications

References 151 publications

Plasma lipid levels and body weight altered by intrauterine growth restriction and postnatal fructose diet in adult rats

Plasma lipid levels and body weight altered by intrauterine growth restriction and postnatal fructose diet in adult rats

Metabolic effects of excessive consumption of fructose

Macronutrient Composition and Management of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM): A New Paradigm for Individualized Nutritional Therapy in Diabetes Patients

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