Fructosyltransferase Enzymes for Microbial Fructan Production

Tezgel, Nazlıcan; Kırtel, Onur; Ende, Wim Van den; Öner, Ebru Toksoy

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-1710-5_1

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…Azul, Agave angustifolia, Agave potatorum [37][38][39][40] No name β(2→3) Radix Codonopsis [41] Fructans play a role as a carbohydrate reservoir in several monocots and 15% of flowering plants [42]. The final chemical structure of plant fructans is determined by several enzymes present in vacuoles [43]. In this regard, sucrose is the substrate for the enzyme sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase (1-SST, EC 2.4.1.99), which initiates the fructan synthesis by transferring a fructofuranosyl residue from one sucrose to another sucrose molecule, resulting in the trisaccharide 1-kestose.…”

Section: β(2→1) and β(2→6) And Branchedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, new studies have shown potential fructosyltransferase activity in specimens of archaea [72]. FOS produced by these microorganisms possess β(2→6) (levan-type) or β(2→1) (inulin-type) linkages depending on the enzyme acting in their biosynthesis, even varying according to specific taxons [43]. Depicting the fact that plants and microorganisms can produce β(2→6) or β(2→1) linkages, microbial fructans are characterized by DP larger than 20,000 fructosyl units [73].…”

Section: Microbial Fructosyltransferase Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) Production by Microorganisms with Fructosyltransferase Activity

Belmonte-Izquierdo,

Salomé-Abarca,

González-Hernández

et al. 2023

Fermentation

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Fructans are fructose-based polymers, defined as fructooligosaccharides (FOS), when they possess a short chain. These molecules are highly appreciated in the food and pharmaceutical international market and have an increasing demand worldwide, mainly for their prebiotic activity and, therefore, for all their health benefits to those who consume them constantly. Thus, new natural or alternative FOS production systems of industrial scale are needed. In this regard, microorganisms (prokaryotes and eukaryotes) have the potential to produce them through a wide and diverse number of enzymes with fructosyltransferase activity, which add a fructosyl group to sucrose or FOS molecules to elongate their chain. Microbial fructosyltransferases are preferred in the industry because of their high FOS production yields. Some of these enzymes include levansucrases, inulosucrases, and β-fructofuranosidases obtained and used through biotechnological tools to enhance their fructosyltransferase activity. In addition, characterizing new microorganisms with fructosyltransferase activity and modifying them could help to increase the production of FOS with a specific degree of polymerization and reduce the FOS production time, thus easing FOS obtention. Therefore, the aim of this review is to compile, discuss, and propose new perspectives about the microbial potential for FOS production through enzymes with fructosyltransferase activity and describe the modulation of FOS production yields by exogenous stimuli and endogenous modifications.

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Section: β(2→1) and β(2→6) And Branchedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbial Fructosyltransferase Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) Production by Microorganisms with Fructosyltransferase Activity

Belmonte-Izquierdo,

Salomé-Abarca,

González-Hernández

et al. 2023

Fermentation

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“…These enzymes are categorized into two groups, levansucrases (EC. 2.4.1.10) and inulosucrases (EC 2.4.1.9), where the product of the catalytic activity is levan and inulin, respectively (Ortiz-Soto et al, 2019;Tezgel et al, 2020). Fructansucrases catalyze the synthesis of polysaccharides by transferring fructosyl units to oligosaccharides or to a sucrose molecule, producing fructooligosaccharides with the formula GFn, (with n ranging from 1 to 10) (Santos-Moriano et al, 2015).…”

Section: Homopolysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of carbon and nitrogen sources on exopolysaccharide synthesis by lactic acid bacteria and their industrial importance

Hernández‐Rosas

Postgraduados²,

Castilla-Marroquín³

et al. 2021

RMIQ

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“…Levan is the typical form of fructans, in which the fructose chain consists of fructosyl bonds b-(2, 1) and b- (2,6) respectively, and certain levans derived from microorganisms may have branched structures, fructans are usually produced by organisms as a means of storing energy [1À3]. Microorganisms, however, tend not only to make levan as an energy resource [1] but also as an essential defense structural component [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microorganisms, however, tend not only to make levan as an energy resource [1] but also as an essential defense structural component [4]. Levan belongs to a wider group of polymers known as fructans, which are used as a source of prebiotics and are commercially relevant, a group of enzymes called levansucrases, which use sucrose as a substrate, catalyzes Levan synthesis [5,6]. Levan is a polymer of fructose that a wide variety of microorganisms synthesize from sucrose [7], its extracellular polysaccharide, nontoxic, biologically active [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levan, medical applications and effect on pathogens

Zainulabdeen,

Khalaf,

Salman

2023

Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology

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Levan is a homopolysaccharide that is composed of d-fructofuranosyl residues joined by β-2,6 linkage. It is naturally obtained from both microorganisms and plants. Microbial levans are more advantageous, industrially and economical with numerous applications and have wide range of applications in food, pharmaceutical, medicine, industry and cosmetic. Levan finds many applications due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, and film-forming ability. It can be used as a plasma substitute, prolongator of drug activity, radio protector, coating material in drug delivery systems. Many studies reported levan's multiple beneficial effects on human and animal health. Therefore, levan is best known to have antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Levan also used as a prebiotic, which can adhere to stomach epithelial cells and promote probiotics bacteria. This mechanism, in turn, controls pathogenic bacteria and may counteract the inflammatory process by enhancing the degradation of enteral antigens, resulting in a reduction of inflammatory mediator secretion.

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Fructosyltransferase Enzymes for Microbial Fructan Production

Cited by 7 publications

References 183 publications

Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) Production by Microorganisms with Fructosyltransferase Activity

Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) Production by Microorganisms with Fructosyltransferase Activity

The importance of carbon and nitrogen sources on exopolysaccharide synthesis by lactic acid bacteria and their industrial importance

Levan, medical applications and effect on pathogens

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