Fruit and Seed Morphology of Some Species of Solanaceae

This study intends to introduce botanical information about morphological and anatomical characteristics of two species of the genus Physalis namely, Physalis peruviana L. and Physalis ixocarpa Brot. exHornem. The morphological and anatomical attributes of stem, leaf, flower and fruit were studied. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope was used to examine the ultrastructure of trichomes, stomata, pollen grains and seed surface. Results showed that both species are annual herbs with erect, ribbed and solid stems. Leaves are simple and petiolate. Stomata of anisocytic type and various types of trichomes (glandular and non-glandular) were observed. Flowers are yellow, solitary, bell-shaped and bisexual. Pollen grains are monad, tricolporate and lobate. Fruits are fleshy, berry and glabrous included ovoid, flattened and glabrous seeds with lateral hilum. However, the two species varied in a number of morphological characters such as branching, density of trichomes, leaf and pollen grains shape, corolla spots color, and fruit size. These characters have taxonomic importance in distinguishing the genus Physalis L. at generic at species rank of the family.

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“…The outer periclinal walls are flat with furrows. This description is in agreement with that given by Khafagi et al (2018).…”

Section: The Fruitsupporting

confidence: 92%

Morphological and Anatomical Studies on Physalis peruviana L. and Physalis ixocarpa Brot. Exhornem

Seleem

Nassar

2021

Journal of Plant Production

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“…Its leaves are succulent and hairless that are 12-20 mm long and 2-4 mm wide and arranged in alternate patterns (one leaf per node) while its flowers are hermaphrodite. The fruit is a black, spherical, sometimes egg-shaped berry that measures 4-5 mm in diameter [5]. L. schweinfurthii suffers from different types of threats that affect its distribution, whether natural or caused by human activities, i.e., soil fragmentation, cutting, grazing, and firing [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Stability, Phenolic, Flavonoid, Ferulic Acid Contents, and Antioxidant Activity of Micropropagated Lycium schweinfurthii Plants

Mamdouh

Mahgoub

Gabr

et al. 2021

Plants

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Lycium schweinfurthii is a Mediterranean wild shrub rich in plant secondary metabolites. In vitro propagation of this plant may support the production of valuable dietary supplements for humanity, introduction of it to the world market, and opportunities for further studies. The presented study aimed to introduce an efficient and reproducible protocol for in vitro micropropagation of L. schweinfurthii and assess the genetic stability of micropropagated plants (MiPs) as well as to estimate phenolic, flavonoid, ferulic acid contents, and the antioxidant activity in leaves of micropropagated plants. Two DNA-based techniques, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR), and one biochemical technique, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), were used to assess the genetic stability in MiPs. Spectrophotometric analysis was performed to estimate total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of MiPs leaves, while ferulic acid content was estimated using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). Sufficient shoot proliferation was achieved at MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium supplemented with 0.4 mg L−1 kinetin and rooted successfully on half-strength MS medium fortified with 0.4 mg L−1 Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The Jaccard’s similarity coefficients detected in MiPs reached 52%, 55%, and 82% in the RAPD, ISSR, and SDS-PAGE analyses, respectively. In the dried leaves of MiPs, the phenolic, flavonoid, and ferulic acid contents of 11.53 mg gallic acid equivalent, 12.99 mg catechin equivalent, and 45.52 mg were estimated per gram, respectively. However, an IC50 of 0.43, and 1.99 mg mL−1 of MiP dried leaves’ methanolic extract was required to scavenge half of the DPPH, and ABTS free radicals, respectively. The study presented a successful protocol for in vitro propagation of a valued promising plant source of phenolic compounds.

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“…Morphological structure, types and dehiscense mode of fruits provide an important information for the taxonomy and phylogeny of different taxa. Therefore, the study of fruit morphogenesis and dehiscense are topical problems in many modern studies [3,7,10,15]. The Campanulaceae Juss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%