Fruit thinning with chemical sprays /

Batjer, L. P.; Hoffman, M. B.

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.64543

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Accordingly, there is less risk of overthinning trees with low blossom density than trees with high density. This has been demonstrated to some degree in the present experiment (figures I and 2), supporting the results of Batjer and Billingsley (1964) that when bloom is light, fruit set is heavy and thinning sprays are less effective.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparison of thiram, carbaryl, N.A.A. and N.A.D. as fruit thinning sprays on Granny Smith apples

Veinbrants¹

1972

Aust. J. Exp. Agric.

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Evidence is presented that a single application of the fungicide thiram at 0.12 per cent, applied 14 and 21 days after full bloom on Granny Smith apples, reduced the fruit set highly significantly, and to about the same extent as carbaryl at 0.02, 0.04, or 0.08 per cent applied 14 days after full bloom. Either material resulted in good fruit thinning. Carbaryl caused about the same degree of thinning over a wide range of concentrations, the only significant difference being between 0.02 and 0.16 per cent (P<0.05). Applications of N.A.D. at 25 p.p.m., and N.A.A. at 5 p.p.m. caused more drastic reduction in fruit set than carbaryl at 0.02, 0.04, and 0.08 per cent, or thiram at 0.12 per cent, applied at the same time. Carbaryl resulted in the most uniform fruit thinning, followed by thiram, N.A.D., and N.A.A. All spray treatments improved fruit size, reduced fluctuations in cropping, and significantly increased fruit yields over a period of four years as compared with unsprayed, hand thinned trees.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparison of thiram, carbaryl, N.A.A. and N.A.D. as fruit thinning sprays on Granny Smith apples

Veinbrants¹

1972

Aust. J. Exp. Agric.

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“…Thinning, or reducing the number of apples per tree and within each fruiting cluster, can also decrease disease pressure by allowing for more rapid drying conditions within fruit clusters and allowing for more complete spray coverage of the developing fruitlets. Thinning during bloom may increase these benefits and decrease the likelihood of biennial bearing cycles by eliminating excess fruit before flower bud initiation occurs (Batjer and Hoffman, 1951;Greene, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Managing Apple Crop Load and Diseases with Bloom Thinning Applications in an Organically Managed ‘Honeycrisp’/‘MM.111’ Orchard

Peck

DeLong

Combs

et al. 2017

horts

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Additional index words. apple scab, cedar apple rust, Japanese knotweed, liquid lime sulfur, powdery mildew, quince rust Abstract. Although demand for organic produce continues to increase in the midAtlantic, few apple (Malus 3domestica Borkh.) growers in the region have adopted organic management practices due to the considerable disease, insect, and weed pressure, as well as the lack of effective crop load management tools. In this study, lime sulfur (LS) and Regalia Ò (R) were applied in different sequences (i.e., LS/LS, LS/R, R/R, and R/LS), each in a mixture with JMS Stylet-Oil, to chemically thin apple flowers in an organically managed 'Honeycrisp'/'MM.111' orchard. There was also a nontreated control, a ''grower standard'' control (LS at 11 mm fruitlet diameter), and a hand-thinned control. The treatments were evaluated for their ability to reduce crop load, as well as to control powdery mildew [Podosphaera leucotricha (Ellis & Everh.) E. S. Salmon], cedar apple rust (Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginiana Schwein.), and quince rust (Gymnosporangium clavipes Cooke & Peck). All treatments reduced crop load compared with the nontreated control, and after the first application of LS or R, the number of fertilized king blooms was reduced and fertilization was prevented in all side blooms. All bloom thinning treatments had more fruit peel russet than the control and russet was more severe when LS was one of the applications. Bloom thinning applications of LS and R did not reduce powdery mildew leaf infection compared with the nontreated control. Cedar apple rust incidence was reduced by all bloom thinning treatments, though some lesions were detected in all treatments. There were minimal quince rust infections in any of the treatments, including the nontreated control. These results suggest that when LS and/or Regalia Ò are mixed with JMS Stylet-Oil and applied as bloom thinners, they can reduce crop load, and, as a secondary benefit, they can also decrease cedar apple rust incidence from infections that occur during bloom.There is a need to conduct research specifically for organic apple (Malus ·domestica) production in the mid-Atlantic region (including the states of Delaware,

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“…One of the major reasons to chemically thin apples is to ensure adequate return bloom (Batjer and Billingsley, 1964;Williams and Edgerton, 1981). In this investigation, adequate and in most cases, heavy return bloom was recorded on all NAA and BA treated trees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…There was a highly signifi cant treatment effect and a highly signifi cant linear effect of BA on fruit set when expressed as percent set whereas there were no statistical differences when expressed as fruit per cm limb cross section area. It is generally accepted that there is an inverse relationship between bloom and fi nal set in apples (Batjer and Billingsley, 1964;Robinson et al, 1998). Thus, heavily blooming trees set a lower percent of their fl owers while light blooming trees set a high percent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Repeated Yearly Application of Chemical Thinners on `McIntosh' Apples

Greene¹

2005

HortSci

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An experiment was initiated on mature `Morespur McIntosh'on M.7 rootstock to document the effects of repeated yearly applications of benzyladenine (BA) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on fruit quality at harvest, the development of storage disorders following regular air storage, and on return bloom. When analyzed over the 4-year period, thinning did not significantly reduce crop load. This result was due in large part to no thinning response one year and very poor set on all trees in another year. Thinners were effective at increasing return bloom over the course of the experiment. BA increased fruit weight but reduced red color compared with NAA treated and control trees. Fruit quality differences at harvests were attributed primarily to crop load effects. There were no fruit quality, return bloom, or storage disorders that could not be explained by treatment effects on crop load or due to previously known effects of individual thinners. The results of this experiment clearly suggest that there are no direct adverse effects following repeated use of either NAA or BA.

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Fruit thinning with chemical sprays /

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

Comparison of thiram, carbaryl, N.A.A. and N.A.D. as fruit thinning sprays on Granny Smith apples

Comparison of thiram, carbaryl, N.A.A. and N.A.D. as fruit thinning sprays on Granny Smith apples

Managing Apple Crop Load and Diseases with Bloom Thinning Applications in an Organically Managed ‘Honeycrisp’/‘MM.111’ Orchard

Effects of Repeated Yearly Application of Chemical Thinners on `McIntosh' Apples

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