Fruit, vegetable intake and blood pressure trajectories in older age

Abstract

Diet rich in fruits and vegetables (F&V) is an established protective factor for hypertension, but the available evidence regarding the impact of F&V consumption on age-related blood pressure change is limited. We examined whether systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure trajectories are influenced by F&V intakes in an ageing Russian cohort. Dietary data was available for 8997 men and women in the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial Factors in Eastern Europe prospective cohort study. Blood pressure measurements were taken at three time-points over 12 years of follow-up, during which time the mean age of the sample changed from 58 to 69 years. The relationships between F&V intake and SBP and DBP were assessed using mixed-effect multilevel models. In the multivariable adjusted models, fruit intake was inversely related to both systolic and diastolic blood pressure at baseline (mean SBP and DBP was 3.5 mmHg and 1.4 mm Hg lower in the highest compared to the lowest intake tertiles, respectively (both p values < 0.001)). However, it was not associated with blood pressure change over time (difference in annual SBP and DBP change was 0.11 mmHg (p value = 0.138) and 0.01 mmHg (p value = 0.894), respectively). We found no significant link between vegetable intake and blood pressure, neither cross-sectionally nor longitudinally. In addition to the association with diet, we observed increasing SBP and mostly steady DBP over age, with deceleration and downward turn after the ages of 55–59 years. On the whole, this analysis found no consistent association between F&V intake and trajectories of blood pressure in older age.

Long-term trends in blood pressure and hypertension in Russia: an analysis of data from 14 health surveys conducted in 1975–2017

“…Instead, most of the Russian surveys showed either continued increases with age or a plateauing or small decline in DBP from around age 50 years. This is consistent with the small longitudinal declines seen in DBP in the Russian HAPIEE study [ 34 ].…”

Modifiable factors of 20-year blood pressure trajectories among normotensives and their associations with hypertension : a prospective study

“…Salt intake may have a large impact on BP trends and could have masked the association with fruit and vegetable intakes. 31 Numerous epidemiological, clinical, and experimental studies have linked dietary sodium intake to BP and have documented that a reduction in dietary salt intake can lower BP. 32 To a large extent agreeing with these results, we found that a higher salt intake was unfavorable for a healthy DBP trajectory.…”

A Hybrid Machine Learning Framework for Enhancing the Prediction Power in Large Scale Population Studies: The ATHLOS Project

“…There is a plethora of recently published studies based on the ATHLOS dataset with promising results in several fields. Such fields include cardiovascular disease evaluation [13, 14, 15, 16, 17], demographic studies about sociodemographic indicators of health status [18] and the impact of socioeconomic status [19, 20, 21], nutrition science studies such as nutrition effects on health [22, 23, 24] and alcohol drinking patterns effects on health [25, 26] and even psychology studies assessing the impact of depression and other psycological disorders related to aging and health [27, 28, 29]. Nevertheless, the ATHLOS data specifications require analysis through Machine Learning methods to uncover the data complexity and better interpreting the characteristics that affect the state of human health.…”