Fruit, Vegetables, and Folate: Cultivating the Evidence for Cancer Prevention

Lee, Jung Eun; Chan, Andrew T.

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.05.020

Cited by 52 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A recent meta-analysis of 1,694,236 participants including 16,057 colorectal cases with data on vegetable consumption from prospective cohort studies found a statistically significant nonlinear inverse association between both fruit and vegetable intake with CRC risk and the summary relative risk for the highest vs. lowest intake for vegetables was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.86–0.96) (42). The postulated mechanisms have primarily focused on vegetables as a source of fiber and micronutrients, including folate (43). We also observed some evidence for interaction between the rs16892766 SNP and quartiles of both fiber intake (interaction OR=1.33; 95% CI (1.13–1.56); p-interaction= 6.0×10 −4 ; adjusted p-value=0.09), and dietary folate intake (interaction OR=1.34; 95% CI: 1.08–1.67; p-interaction=8.2×10 −3 ; adjusted p-value=0.71).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Gene–Environment Interactions for Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility Loci

et al. 2012

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Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over a dozen loci associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Here we examined potential effect-modification between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 10 of these loci and probable or established environmental risk factors for CRC in 7,016 CRC cases and 9,723 controls from nine cohort and case-control studies. We used meta-analysis of an efficient empirical-Bayes estimator to detect potential multiplicative interactions between each of the SNPs [rs16892766 at 8q23.3 (EIF3H/UTP23); rs6983267 at 8q24 (MYC); rs10795668 at 10p14 (FLJ3802842); rs3802842 at11q23 (LOC120376); rs4444235 at 14q22.2 (BMP4); rs4779584 at15q13 (GREM1); rs9929218 at16q22.1 (CDH1); rs4939827 at18q21 (SMAD7); rs10411210 at19q13.1 (RHPN2); and rs961253 at 20p12.3 (BMP2)] and select major CRC risk factors (sex, body mass index, height, smoking status, aspirin/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, alcohol use, and dietary intake of calcium, folate, red meat, processed meat, vegetables, fruit, and fiber). The strongest statistical evidence for a gene-environment interaction across studies was for vegetable consumption and rs16892766, located on chromosome 8q23.3, near the EIF3H and UTP23 genes (nominal p-interaction =1.3×10–4; adjusted p-value 0.02). The magnitude of the main effect of the SNP increased with increasing levels of vegetable consumption. No other interactions were statistically significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Overall, the association of most CRC susceptibility loci identified in initial GWAS appears to be invariant to the other risk factors considered; however, our results suggest potential modification of the rs16892766 effect by vegetable consumption.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Gene–Environment Interactions for Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility Loci

et al. 2012

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“…Up to a 27% decreased risk of colorectal cancer has been shown in a meta-analysis of 21 studies of lifestyle modifications (relative risk 0.73, 95% CI 0.66-0.81). 99,100 Decreased risk colorectal cancer with dietary lifestyle modification is less well defined, although a meta-analysis of 19 cohort studies suggests a threshold level of protection associated with more than 100 g/d of fruits and vegetables. 101 Some studies also suggest that diets with decreased red meat, cholesterol, and animal fat are protective.…”

Section: Colon Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Menopause and Cancers

Einstein¹,

Levine²,

Nevadunsky³

2015

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America

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“…Within this framework, the expansion in the detailed consumption of readyto-eat foods, as a partial or total replacement of traditional items for lunch and dinner, results in an increasing concern about the nutrient density of these products, especially for folates, in vegetable products and recipes. Accordingly, the nutritional composition of these food categories should first be investigated in order to further estimate their contribution in vitamins and other nutrients and their impact on dietary habits for European populations (Lee and Chan, 2011).…”

Section: Importance Of Folate Status and Achievementsmentioning

confidence: 99%