Fruitspotting bugs, <i><scp>A</scp>mblypelta nitida</i> <scp>S</scp>tål and <i><scp>A</scp>. lutescens lutescens</i> <scp>D</scp>istant (<scp>H</scp>emiptera: <scp>C</scp>oreidae): a review of the potential for integrated management practices

Danne, A.; Llewellyn, Richard; Huwer, R. K.; Furlong, Michael J.

doi:10.1111/aen.12059

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…(Table 4.2). These differences are consistent with the southerly geographical distribution of A. nitida (≈34°S 151°E-≈ 23°S 150°E) and the more northerly distribution of A. l. lutescens (≈27°S 153°E-≈10°S 142°E) (Donaldson 1983;Danne et al 2014).…”

Section: Development and Survival Of Anastatus Sp At Constant Tempersupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The lack of A. nitida in invertebrate samples from macadamia orchards may reflect their naturally low population densities (Danne et al 2014) but may also reflect this species' habitat use and behaviours that allow them to avoid capture. For instance, this species may prefer to feed higher in the trees, where they could not be effectively sampled with the vacuum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fruitspotting bug, Amblypelta nitida Stål and the banana-spotting bug, A. lutescens lutescens Distant (Hemiptera: Coreidae) are polyphagous native insects that are pests of a large range of tropical and subtropical fruit and nut crops on the east coast of Australia (Danne et al 2014). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Insecticides remain the primary method of control for fruitspotting bugs in Australia (Maddox et al 2002), however, the possibility of developing integrated pest management strategies, including biological control, is now being explored (Danne et al 2014). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Eupelmidae), was among a suite of parasitoids collected from eggs of A. l. lutescens in north Queensland in 1993 (Fay & Huwer 1993). In glasshouse trials the species caused high rates of parasitism in A. l. lutescens eggs and it can be reared in factitious hosts (Fay & De Faveri 1997); its potential for biological control is currently being explored (Danne et al 2014) but no information on its thermal requirements for development are currently available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Australian fruitspotting bugs, Amblypelta nitida Stål and A. lutescens lutescens Distant (Hemiptera: Coreidae), and the potential for their biologically based management in macadamia orchards

Govender¹

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Australian fruitspotting bugs, Amblypelta nitida Stål and A. lutescens lutescens Distant (Hemiptera: Coreidae), are major economic pests of macadamia nuts in Australia. They are also pests of approximately a dozen other tropical and subtropical horticultural crops, and minor pests of many more. They are endemic to the east and northern coastal regions of Australia and as such are distributed across the entire growing region of Australia's macadamia industry. Although the industry is reliant on synthetic pesticides for several major pests and diseases, including fruitspotting bugs, biological control of a major pest, the macadamia nutborer, Cryptophlebia ombrodelta Lower (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), has been successful and is widely adopted. This success has set a precedent within the macadamia industry and provided incentive for research and development of other biological control agents for other important pests. In the early 1990s, a hymenopteran egg parasitoid, Anastatus sp. (Eupelmidae), was identified as having potential as a biological control agent for fruitspotting bugs in Australia, and in 2010, mass rearing began. No formal studies on Anastatus sp., apart from initial releases conducted after its discovery, had been done prior to this thesis.A study on the potential for conservation biological control of fruitspotting bugs in macadamia orchards using habitat management was conducted over two years in northern New South Wales.Traditionally, trees in macadamia orchards are spaced such that the orchard canopy closes over when the trees reach maturity, shading out any existing ground-cover vegetation. In recent years, macadamia growers have been encouraged to adopt wider spacing and/or pruning techniques to increase light into their orchards for improved tree health and nut production. In this situation, common practice is to grow the shade-tolerant sweet smother grass in the mid-row; this provides ground-cover but does not increase floral diversity. In this study, open mid-row canopies, with resident, weedy, flowering mid-row ground-cover vegetation, were compared to closed mid-row canopies with no ground-cover vegetation in terms of a) pest and beneficial invertebrate abundance, b) predation levels of sentinel A. nitida eggs and c) levels of nut damage by A. nitida. The results showed a stark contrast between 'light' and 'dark' orchards; open canopy orchards ('light' orchards) harboured a significantly higher abundance of beneficial invertebrates than denser canopy orchards ('dark' orchards), whereas in 'dark' orchards the abundance of a major pest, the macadamia lace bug, Ulonemia concava Drake (Hemiptera: Tingidae), was significantly higher.Not a single fruitspotting bug was sampled during this experiment; however, damage levels to nuts were significantly lower in 'light' orchards compared to 'dark' orchards. Levels of predation on ii sentinel A. nitida eggs were variable and did not show any clear pattern that could be attributed to orchard management type. In two field release experiments, the...

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Section: Development and Survival Of Anastatus Sp At Constant Tempersupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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