Frustrated phases under three-dimensional confinement simulated by a set of coupled Cahn–Hilliard equations

Avalos, Edgar; Higuchi, Takeshi; Teramoto, Takashi; Yabu, Hiroshi; Nishiura, Yasumasa

doi:10.1039/c6sm00429f

Cited by 36 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Using the blending method, nanoparticles NP3 containing BCP P3 with the desired striped morphology could thus be obtained (Figure , C3). A model to study PS‐ b ‐PI BCPs confined in 3D space results in an understanding morphologies of phase separation depending on the model parameters . Consequently, to gain deeper insights in the exact composition of the phases present in the internal structures of NP3 , electron tomography was performed in order to reconstruct a 3D model.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface‐Reactive Patchy Nanoparticles and Nanodiscs Prepared by Tandem Nanoprecipitation and Internal Phase Separation

Varadharajan

Turgut

Lahann

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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Nanoparticles with structural or chemical anisotropy are promising materials in domains as diverse as cellular delivery, photonic materials, or interfacial engineering. The surface chemistry may play a major role in some of these contexts. Introducing reactivity into such polymeric nanomaterials is thus of great potential, yet is still a concept in its infancy. In the current contribution, a simple nanoprecipitation technique leads to nanoparticles with diameters as low as 150 nm and well-defined reactive surface patches of less than 30 nm in width, as well as surface-reactive flat, disc-like nanoparticles with corresponding dimensions, via an additional crosslinking/delamination sequence. To this aim, chemically doped block copolymers (BCPs) are employed. Control over morphology is attained by tuning preparation conditions, such as polymer concentration, solvent mixture composition, and blending with non-functional BCP. Surface reactivity is demonstrated using a modular ligation method for the site-selective immobilization of thiol molecules. The current approach constitutes a straightforward methodology requiring minimal engineering to produce nanoparticles with confined surface reactivity and/or shape anisotropy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface‐Reactive Patchy Nanoparticles and Nanodiscs Prepared by Tandem Nanoprecipitation and Internal Phase Separation

Varadharajan

Turgut

Lahann

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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“…However, the associated interface is rigid and so it is difficult to include interface fluctuations in such simulations. The modeling of deformable microsphere interfaces has been examined, based on dynamic self‐consistent field theory (SCFT) . Pinna and co‐workers also reported the simulation of the interfacial structures of block copolymer shells fixed on colloidal particles based on the Ginzburg–Landau approach in association with the cell dynamics simulation (CDS) method .…”

Section: Controlling the Structures Of Phase Separated Polymer Microsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the same technique, 3D confinement structures were also reproduced . More recently, simulations of block copolymer phase separation under 3D confinement was precisely reproduced by numerical calculations employing the coupled Cahn–Hilliard equation ( Figure ). This technique modeled the dynamic processes associated with phase transformation in 3D confinement structures due to thermal annealing .…”

Section: Controlling the Structures Of Phase Separated Polymer Microsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication of Nanostructured Composite Microspheres Based on the Self‐Assembly of Polymers and Functional Nanomaterials

Yabu

2019

Part & Part Syst Charact

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Achieving the specific properties required for the applications discussed above necessitates control over the morphologies of the polymer particles as well as the precise alignment of functional nanoparticles at particle interiors and surfaces. Studies using seed polymerization and related so-called second generation particle preparation techniques have succeeded in preparing polymer microspheres having anisotropic morphologies. [10] These techniques for the synthesis of nonspherical polymer microparticles are both powerful and practical, although the particle shape has been found to be greatly affected by the preparation conditions employed. These conditions involve numerous parameters, and so controlling the particle morphology remains challenging. In addition to first and second generation particle preparation technologies employing emulsion polymerization, recent studies have demonstrated the fabrication of nanostructured microspheres based on the phase separation of polymers. [11,12] These methods can be considered as the third generation of progress in this field and allow the tuning of particle morphologies in association with phase separation theories developed during prior work with bulk polymer blends, alloys, and composites. The alignment of nanoparticles in phase separated polymer microspheres could lead to nanostructured particles with many practical applications. Figure 1 presents some of the many methods developed for the synthesis of polymer microspheres. This diagram indicates representative existing approaches used to obtain controlled particle sizes, as well as specific phases in the interior and at the surfaces of such microspheres, and can be divided into two main categories; top-down and bottom-up. These two types of procedures differ with regard to the process used to form internal and surface structures. The polymerization or crosslinking of uniformly sized oil/water (O/W) or water/oil (W/O) emulsion droplets formed by microfluidic devices is a well-known topdown fabrication technique used to produce structured polymer microspheres with sizes on the scale of tens of micrometers. [13] Taking advantage of the laminar flow inside narrow capillaries, multiple phases can be formed in the interiors of the emulsion droplets, resulting in the formation of multiphase polymer microspheres. [14] In contrast, in the case of bottom-up approaches, the phase separation of polymers is used to create internal and surface nanostructures. The latter methods have received considerable attention because they permit size control on a variety of size scales as well as morphological tuning. [15] This Review examines recent developments in the morphological control of polymer microspheres fabricated via the phase separation of polymers as well as the alignment of functional nanoparticles inside microspheres prepared by so-called bottom-up synthesis techniques. Several methods for adjusting the internal and surface morphologies of polymer microspheres based on the phase separation of polymer blends and block copoly...

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“…There is, however, still insufficient research regarding the nanoscale effect of organic ferroelectrics. [20] At ypical advantage point of the organic materials is their high degree of freedom for avariety of intermolecular interactions, for instance, an amphiphilic molecule bearing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties, which can form various kinds of molecular assembly structures, such as micelle, vesicle, column, bilayer lamellar,a nd so on, according to the size balance of hydrophilic heada nd hydrophobic tail groups. [21][22][23][24] Such self-assembled nanoscale supramolecules are one of the interesting nanoscale materials for the fabrication of functional ferroelectric devices.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Effects in One‐Dimensional Columnar Supramolecular Ferroelectrics

Anetai

Sambe

Takeda

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

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Frustrated phases under three-dimensional confinement simulated by a set of coupled Cahn–Hilliard equations

Cited by 36 publications

References 87 publications

Surface‐Reactive Patchy Nanoparticles and Nanodiscs Prepared by Tandem Nanoprecipitation and Internal Phase Separation

Surface‐Reactive Patchy Nanoparticles and Nanodiscs Prepared by Tandem Nanoprecipitation and Internal Phase Separation

Fabrication of Nanostructured Composite Microspheres Based on the Self‐Assembly of Polymers and Functional Nanomaterials

Nanoscale Effects in One‐Dimensional Columnar Supramolecular Ferroelectrics

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