FSMAC: A file system metadata accelerator with non-volatile memory

Chen, Jianxi; Wei, Qingsong; Chen, Cheng; Wu, Lingkun

doi:10.1109/msst.2013.6558440

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Both of these techniques have been examined in the previous studies and many algorithms have been proposed using either tiering or caching techniques. Tiering attempts to split data pages between storage devices called tiers in order to reach the required performance, power, and cost efficiency [15], [24], [25] (shown in Fig. 3a).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

ReCA: An Efficient Reconfigurable Cache Architecture for Storage Systems with Online Workload Characterization

Salkhordeh

Ebrahimi

Asadi

2018

IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, Solid-State Drives (SSDs) have gained tremendous attention in computing and storage systems due to significant performance improvement over Hard Disk Drives (HDDs). The cost per capacity of SSDs, however, prevents them from entirely replacing HDDs in such systems. One approach to effectively take advantage of SSDs is to use them as a caching layer to store performance critical data blocks in order to reduce the number of accesses to HDD-based disk subsystem. Due to characteristics of Flash-based SSDs such as limited write endurance and long latency on write operations, employing caching algorithms at the Operating System (OS) level necessitates to take such characteristics into consideration. Previous OS-level caching techniques are optimized towards only one type of application, which affects both generality and applicability. In addition, they are not adaptive when the workload pattern changes over time. This paper presents an efficient Reconfigurable Cache Architecture (ReCA) for storage systems using a comprehensive workload characterization to find an optimal cache configuration for I/O intensive applications. For this purpose, we first investigate various types of I/O workloads and classify them into five major classes. Based on this characterization, an optimal cache configuration is presented for each class of workloads. Then, using the main features of each class, we continuously monitor the characteristics of an application during system runtime and the cache organization is reconfigured if the application changes from one class to another class of workloads. The cache reconfiguration is done online and workload classes can be extended to emerging I/O workloads in order to maintain its efficiency with the characteristics of I/O requests. Experimental results obtained by implementing ReCA in a 4U rackmount server with SATA 6Gb/s disk interfaces running Linux 3.17.0 show that the proposed architecture improves performance and lifetime up to 24% and 33%, respectively.

show abstract

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

ReCA: An Efficient Reconfigurable Cache Architecture for Storage Systems with Online Workload Characterization

Salkhordeh

Ebrahimi

Asadi

2018

IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…FSMAC is a metadata accelerator that exploits byte-addressable NVM technology [9,99]. Metadata is quite small, typically smaller than a block of a file system, which makes access to metadata inefficient.…”

Section: Acceleratorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Storage Systems for High-Performance Computing

Lüttgau

Kuhn

Duwe

et al. 2018

JSFI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In current supercomputers, storage is typically provided by parallel distributed file systems for hot data and tape archives for cold data. These file systems are often compatible with local file systems due to their use of the POSIX interface and semantics, which eases development and debugging because applications can easily run both on workstations and supercomputers. There is a wide variety of file systems to choose from, each tuned for different use cases and implementing different optimizations. However, the overall application performance is often held back by I/O bottlenecks due to insufficient performance of file systems or I/O libraries for highly parallel workloads. Performance problems are dealt with using novel storage hardware technologies as well as alternative I/O semantics and interfaces. These approaches have to be integrated into the storage stack seamlessly to make them convenient to use. Upcoming storage systems abandon the traditional POSIX interface and semantics in favor of alternative concepts such as object and key-value storage; moreover, they heavily rely on technologies such as NVM and burst buffers to improve performance. Additional tiers of storage hardware will increase the importance of hierarchical storage management. Many of these changes will be disruptive and require application developers to rethink their approaches to data management and I/O. A thorough understanding of today's storage infrastructures, including their strengths and weaknesses, is crucially important for designing and implementing scalable storage systems suitable for demands of exascale computing.

show abstract

“…Chen et al [9] proposed a file system metadata accelerator to optimize metadata access by decoupling data and metadata I/O path and putting data on disk and metadata on nonvolatile memory at runtime. Zhang et al [10] used a delegable metadata cache to accelerate metadata access without compromising the consistency for PVFS distributed file systems [11].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of cooperation between file systems and applications — on VFS extensions for optimized performance

Wang

Liao

Xue

et al. 2015

Sci. China Inf. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Modern operating systems incorporate an abstract layer called Virtual File System (VFS), which is positioned between user applications and real file systems to hide the differences of various file systems and to expose generic application interfaces for requesting file system services. However, VFS sometimes does not give applications an opportunity to pass information to file systems to help them make correct optimization decisions. In this paper, we review the Linux VFS, discuss its deficiencies and propose several extensions to allow applications to cooperate with the file systems more efficiently. We introduce simple prefetching interfaces and advisory flags to allow applications to communicate application-related semantics to VFS and/or the underlying file systems. These suggestions, which neither affect the semantics of applications nor modify their programming models, not only lead to simple VFS/file systems but also guide them to make correct performance-related decisions, if required. We demonstrate that these interfaces and flags are also easy to implement and can boost application performance by up to 4.29X. Keywords virtual file system, metadata cache, dentry cache, page cache, page readahead CitationWang L, Liao X K, Xue J L, et al. Enhancement of cooperation between file systems and applications -VFS extensions for optimized performance.

show abstract

FSMAC: A file system metadata accelerator with non-volatile memory

Cited by 35 publications

References 13 publications

ReCA: An Efficient Reconfigurable Cache Architecture for Storage Systems with Online Workload Characterization

ReCA: An Efficient Reconfigurable Cache Architecture for Storage Systems with Online Workload Characterization

Survey of Storage Systems for High-Performance Computing

Enhancement of cooperation between file systems and applications — on VFS extensions for optimized performance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About