FSS-Inspired Transmitarray for Two-Dimensional Antenna Beamsteering

Reis, João R.; Copner, Nigel; Hammoudeh, Akram; Al-Daher, Zaid; Caldeirinha, Rafael F. S.; Fernandes, Telmo R.; Gomes, Rodolfo

doi:10.1109/tap.2016.2543802

Cited by 51 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The authors have demonstrated that the phase-shift introduced by the transmitarray can be varied by simply modifying the physical size of the squares, and such can be further improved by stacking several layers of FSS on top of each others. In fact, the concept of stacked layers separated by an air gap is widely used for transmitarray implemented with FSS since it allows to increase both the bandwidth and the transmission phase of the structure, as thoroughly reported in [5], [51], [54], [55], [58].…”

Section: ) Reconfigurable Based On Fssmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transmitarray follows the phase distribution proposed by the theoretical model presented in section II-B in order to enable antenna beamsteering in two dimensional planes. With this mindset, it is presented in [54] and further in [55] the characterization of a FSS transmitarray with controlled beamsteering output direction in the two main antenna planes (azimuth and elevation). Firstly in [54], the theoretical model for 2D beamsteering has been applied on a passive stacked-layer FSS inspired transmitarray.…”

Section: ) Reconfigurable Based On Fssmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With this mindset, it is presented in [54] and further in [55] the characterization of a FSS transmitarray with controlled beamsteering output direction in the two main antenna planes (azimuth and elevation). Firstly in [54], the theoretical model for 2D beamsteering has been applied on a passive stacked-layer FSS inspired transmitarray. Based on a square-slot pass-band unit-cell layout (as in [52]), the 2D beamsteering model was tested for several beamsteering angles on a 5 × 5 transmitarray with 5 stacked layers separated by an air gap, at 5.35 GHz.…”

Section: ) Reconfigurable Based On Fssmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review Paper on Transmitarray Antennas

2019

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This paper presents a thorough review of transmitarray devices particularly aiming antenna beamsteering, gathering some of the most relevant solutions published by the scientific community in the field. First, the background for realizing 1-D and 2-D antenna beamsteering with a transmitarray is introduced. Subsequently, several examples of unit-cells for transmitarray implementation and complete transmitarray designs presented in the literature are outlined. Each solution is analyzed in detail, identifying the nature of its layout, e.g., based on microstrip patches, frequency selective surfaces (FSS), or metamaterials (MMs), and the method employed to enable electronic reconfigurability, e.g., p-in diodes, varactor diodes, or microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). In addition, some models with the capability of controlling the wavefront polarization modes are also included herein since these are the base of hybrid transmitarrays, i.e., transmitarray with both electronic beamsteering and polarization control. Finally, all the models are compared against each other in order to highlight their benefits and limitations, summarizing their main characteristics, such as the frequency of operation and bandwidth, insertion loss, physical dimensions, and maximum beamsteering range, when available.

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Section: ) Reconfigurable Based On Fssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Reconfigurable Based On Fssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Reconfigurable Based On Fssmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review Paper on Transmitarray Antennas

2019

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“…Using bandpass FSS which change the transmitted phase in order to beamform have been explored, creating a planar lens either in front of an antenna, as in [30], or incorporated in a resonant cavity, as in [31]. Again, there are proposals to make these reconfigurable by varying capacitance [32], [33] or by switching PIN diodes [34], [35]. Each of these techniques requires individual control of each unit cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Antenna Modulation for High-Order Phase Shift Keying

Henthorn

Ford

O’Farrell

2020

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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An antenna capable of directly phase modulating a radio frequency carrier is discussed, designed, and measured as both an antenna and a modulator. Access point densification for the Internet of Things will be expensive in part due to the cost and inefficiency of amplifying waveforms with large peak-to-average power ratios for downlink transmission. Directly modulating at the antenna means only a carrier wave has to be amplified, reducing the cost of densification. Here, reconfigurable frequency selective surfaces are suggested as phase modulators. The design process for producing a phase modulating antenna is detailed, and a prototype is fabricated that is capable of up to 8-PSK modulation with 5.3dB variation in constellation points and a peak gain of 2.3dB. When implemented in an end-to-end communications system, the antenna exhibits only 1.5dB drop in performance compared with instrument grade modulation in an AWGN channel.

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“…FSS are low-profile periodic structures commonly used to improve the performance of an antenna at certain frequency bands or polarization. They can work in transmission mode [4]- [5] or in reflection mode [6]- [7]. FSS can be used with local control of the dimensions to achieve a certain phase distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grating Lobes Reduction Using a Multilayer Frequency Selective Surface on a Dual-Polarized Aperture Array Antenna in Ka-Band

et al. 2020

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This paper presents a multilayer frequency selective surface for a dual-polarized aperture array antenna in Ka-band. The 8×8 elements of the array are cylindrical open cavities with a diameter of 0.6λ 0 at 30 GHz, and spaced one wavelength. Due to this separation between elements, which is limiting and not reducible by the architecture of the feeding network and the size of the radiating element, grating lobes appear. Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS) can be a solution to this problem without modifying the feeder architecture nor the radiating elements. This paper presents the FSS design for reducing grating lobes level, the antenna assembly, and the experimental validation. The full antenna performance demonstrates that FSS operates in a range identical to the feeder (29.5 GHz to 31 GHz) with the added benefit of reducing the grating lobes level more than 10 dB for both polarizations.

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FSS-Inspired Transmitarray for Two-Dimensional Antenna Beamsteering

Cited by 51 publications

References 17 publications

Review Paper on Transmitarray Antennas

Review Paper on Transmitarray Antennas

Direct Antenna Modulation for High-Order Phase Shift Keying

Grating Lobes Reduction Using a Multilayer Frequency Selective Surface on a Dual-Polarized Aperture Array Antenna in Ka-Band

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