FTIR and thermal studies of modified natural rubber based polymer electrolytes

Kumutha, K.; Alias, Yatimah; Said, Rana

doi:10.1007/bf02430270

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The ν(C═O) of PC displayed downshift from 1788 to 1775 cm −1 in the LiCF 3 SO 3 -PC mixture, which showed coordination of Li + ions onto the C═O group of PC. Similar to [21], no IR change was observed for MG30-PC sample, which suggested no interaction between the polymer and the plasticizer. .…”

Section: Interactions In Mg-based Polymer Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…MG-based PEs are easily prepared into films by dissolving MG polymer matrices in either toluene [21,22] or tetrahydrofuran [5,23] together with inorganic salt(s), and then solution casted to dry.…”

Section: Mg-based Polymer Electrolytes Incorporated With Inorganic Saltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, researchers have incorporated plasticizers into MG30 and MG49 to enhance ionic conductivity. Plasticizers such as ethylene carbonate (EC) [4,20,21,[25][26][27], propylene carbonate (PC) [23], dimethyl carbonate (DMC) [28], and poly(ethylene glycol) with molecular weight of 200 (PEG200) [29] have been introduced into MG polymer matrices. Figure 3 illustrates some examples of plasticizers that have been added into MG polymer matrices.…”

Section: Mg-based Polymer Electrolytes Incorporated With Plasticizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the pioneering works on MG-based polymer electrolytes is by Kumutha et al [21] who investigated on MG30-LiCF 3 SO 3 -EC-Al 2 SiO 5 system. Results from infrared (IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies showed no distinct change in their wavenumbers and for the EC system, and 3.1 × 10 −3 S cm −1 for the system with PC on incorporation of 76 wt.% EC and 61 wt.% PC.…”

Section: Mg-based Polymer Electrolytes Incorporated With Plasticizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Su'ait and co-workers Several reports on plasticized MG-based polymer electrolytes found no interaction from IR studies between the polymer matrix and the plasticizer. Kumutha and co-workers [21] reported on the IR analyses of MG30-LiCF 3 SO 3 -EC system and explored the interactions between MG30 and EC and between LiCF 3 SO 3 and EC. For the MG30-EC sample, no IR change was found, which indicated that there was no interaction between the polymer and plasticizer.…”

Section: Interactions In Mg-based Polymer Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elastomers and Their Potential as Matrices in Polymer Electrolytes

Sim¹,

Arof²

2017

Elastomers

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Elastomers refer to natural or synthetic amorphous polymers which exhibit elastic properties of rubber. Elastomers are able to deform under stress and return to its original state upon removal of stress. As elastomers exhibit glass transition temperatures (T g ) below room temperature (r.t.), elastomers are soft and rubbery at r.t, and segmental motion exists. Elastomers, which contain polar atoms, such as oxygen (O), fluorine (F) and nitrogen (N), can be suitably employed as matrices in polymer electrolytes (PEs). The electronegative atoms serve as electron donors and are able to coordinate with cations from inorganic salts to form a complex. Among elastomers that have been employed in PEs include modified and copolymerised polyisoprene or natural rubber, polyurethanes, and polysiloxanes. This chapter focuses on the progress of natural rubber and its derivatives in the field of polymer electrolytes, and discussesc their interactions with other components of the PEs and ion conduction. Area percentage of ionic species, as well as ion transport parameters, such as number density, mobility and diffusion coefficient of lithium ions as obtained from deconvolution of infrared (IR) spectra, are also discussed in this book chapter.

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Section: Interactions In Mg-based Polymer Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Mg-based Polymer Electrolytes Incorporated With Inorganic Saltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mg-based Polymer Electrolytes Incorporated With Plasticizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mg-based Polymer Electrolytes Incorporated With Plasticizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interactions In Mg-based Polymer Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Elastomers and Their Potential as Matrices in Polymer Electrolytes

Sim¹,

Arof²

2017

Elastomers

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Morphological, infrared, and ionic conductivity studies of poly(ethylene oxide)–49% poly(methyl methacrylate) grafted natural rubber–lithium perchlorate salt based solid polymer electrolytes

Ahmad

Rahman

Su’ait

2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The potential of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and 49% poly(methyl methacrylate) grafted natural rubber (MG49) as a polymer host in solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) was explored for electrochemical applications. PEO-MG49 SPEs with various weight percentages of lithium perchlorate salt (LiClO 4 ) was prepared with the solution casting technique. Characterization by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and impedance spectroscopy was done to investigate the effect of LiClO 4 on the morphological properties, chemical interaction, and ionic conductivity behavior of PEO-MG49. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the surface morphology of the sample underwent a change from rough to smooth with the addition of lithium salts. Infrared analysis showed that the interaction occurred in the polymer host between the oxygen atom from the ether group (CAOAC) and the Li þ cation from doping salts. The ionic conductivity value increased with the addition of salts because of the increase in charge carrier up to the optimum value. The highest ionic conductivity obtained was 8.0 Â 10 À6 S/cm at 15 wt % LiClO 4 .

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Preparation and characterization of blended solid polymer electrolyte 49% poly(methyl methacrylate)-grafted natural rubber:poly(methyl methacrylate)–lithium tetrafluoroborate

Su’ait

Noor

Ahmad

et al. 2012

J Solid State Electrochem

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The preparation and characterization of blended solid polymer electrolyte 49% poly(methyl methacrylate)-grafted natural rubber (MG49):poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (30:70) were carried out. The effect of lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ) concentration on the chemical interaction, structure, morphology, and room temperature conductivity of the electrolyte were investigated. The electrolyte samples with various weight percentages (wt. %) of LiBF 4 salt were prepared by solution casting technique and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Infrared analysis demonstrated that the interaction between lithium ions and oxygen atoms occurred at symmetrical stretching of carbonyl (C0O) (1,735 cm −1 ) and asymmetric deformation of (O-CH 3 ) (1,456 cm −1 ) via the formation of coordinate bond on MMA structure in MG49 and PMMA. The reduction of MMA peaks intensity at the diffraction angle, 2θ of 29.5°and 39.5°was due to the increase in weight percent of LiBF 4 . The complexation occurred between the salt and polymer host had been confirmed by the XRD analysis. The semi-crystalline phase of polymer host was found to reduce with the increase in salt content and confirmed by XRD analysis. Morphological studies by SEM showed that MG49 blended with PMMA was compatible. The addition of salt into the blend has changed the topological order of the polymer host from dark surface to brighter surface. The SEM analyses supported the enhancement of conductivity with the addition of salt. The conductivity increased drastically from 2.0 to 3.4 × 10 −5 S cm −1 with the addition of 25 wt.% of salt. The increase in the conductivity was due to the increasing of the number of charge carriers in the electrolyte. The conductivity obeys Arrhenius equation in higher temperature region from 333 to 373 K with the pre-exponential factor σ o of 1.21 × 10 −7 S cm −1 and the activation energy E a of 0.46 eV. The conductivity is not Arrhenian in lower temperature region from 303 to 323 K.

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FTIR and thermal studies of modified natural rubber based polymer electrolytes

Cited by 32 publications

References 17 publications

Elastomers and Their Potential as Matrices in Polymer Electrolytes

Elastomers and Their Potential as Matrices in Polymer Electrolytes

Morphological, infrared, and ionic conductivity studies of poly(ethylene oxide)–49% poly(methyl methacrylate) grafted natural rubber–lithium perchlorate salt based solid polymer electrolytes

Preparation and characterization of blended solid polymer electrolyte 49% poly(methyl methacrylate)-grafted natural rubber:poly(methyl methacrylate)–lithium tetrafluoroborate

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