Fucoxanthin from Algae to Human, an Extraordinary Bioresource: Insights and Advances in up and Downstream Processes

Pajot, Anne; Huynh, Gia Hao; Picot, Laurent; Marchal, Luc; Nicolau, Élodie

doi:10.3390/md20040222

Cited by 52 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 255 publications

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“…In this study, however, the optimal culture depth was 20-25 cm for a maximum cellular EPA content of 3.4% (w/w) and a higher EPA productivity of 344.5 mg m −2 d −1 than that obtained from the cultures maintained at 10-15 cm depth (i.e., 3.1% EPA and EPA productivity of 290 mg L −1 d −1 ) (Table 4). It seems that maintaining a relatively shallow culture suspension in an ORP may enhance production of high lightinduced products such as storage neutral lipids and secondary carotenoids [49], whereas a greater culture depth may facilitate formation of low light-enhanced biosynthesis of EPA-containing polar membrane lipids such as phospholipids and glycolipids [7,50,51] and photosynthetic pigments such as phycobiliproteins and fucoxanthin in algal chloroplasts [52,53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Production from Filamentous Microalga Tribonema aequale: From Laboratory to Pilot-Scale Study

et al. 2022

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It has long been explored to use EPA-rich unicellular microalgae as a fish oil alternative for production of the high-value omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5, n-3). However, none of the efforts have ever reached commercial success. This study reported a filamentous yellow-green microalga Tribonema aequale that possesses the ability to grow rapidly and synthesize significant amounts of EPA. A series of studies were conducted in a glass column photobioreactor under laboratory culture conditions and in pilot-scale open raceway ponds outdoors. The emphasis was placed on the specific nutrient requirements and the key operational parameters in raceway ponds such as culture depth and mixing regimes. When optimized, T. aequale cells contained 2.9% of EPA (w/w) and reached a very high biomass concentration of 9.8 g L−1 in the glass column photobioreactor. The cellular EPA content was increased further to 3.5% and the areal biomass and EPA productivities of 16.2 g m−2 d−1 and 542.5 mg m−2 d−1, respectively, were obtained from the outdoor pilot-scale open raceway ponds, which were the record high figures reported thus far from microalgae-based EPA production. It was also observed that T. aequale was highly resistant to microbial contamination and easy for harvesting and dewatering, which provide two additional competitive advantages of this filamentous microalga over the unicellular counterparts for potential commercial production of EPA and other derived co-products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Production from Filamentous Microalga Tribonema aequale: From Laboratory to Pilot-Scale Study

et al. 2022

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“…Carotenoids are natural pigments that have received particular attention because of their ecophysiological function, biotechnological applications, and their potential beneficial effects on human health [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. The color of these molecules can range from colorless to red, through various yellow-orange tones, and they represent the second most abundant natural pigments in nature [ 45 , 46 ].…”

Section: Archaea Pigments: Bacteriorhodopsin and Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The color of these molecules can range from colorless to red, through various yellow-orange tones, and they represent the second most abundant natural pigments in nature [ 45 , 46 ]. For example, fucoxanthin, an epoxycarotenoid found in brown microalgae and seaweeds, is the major carotenoid present in marine ecosystems, representing 10% of the total carotenoid production [ 34 ]. Apocarotenoids, such as retinal, are defined as derivatives of carotenoids produced by chemical or enzymatic oxidative cleavage.…”

Section: Archaea Pigments: Bacteriorhodopsin and Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaea Carotenoids: Natural Pigments with Unexplored Innovative Potential

et al. 2022

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For more than 40 years, marine microorganisms have raised great interest because of their major ecological function and their numerous applications for biotechnology and pharmacology. Particularly, Archaea represent a resource of great potential for the identification of new metabolites because of their adaptation to extreme environmental conditions and their original metabolic pathways, allowing the synthesis of unique biomolecules. Studies on archaeal carotenoids are still relatively scarce and only a few works have focused on their industrial scale production and their biotechnological and pharmacological properties, while the societal demand for these bioactive pigments is growing. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current knowledge on carotenoid metabolism in Archaea and the potential applications of these pigments in biotechnology and medicine. After reviewing the ecology and classification of these microorganisms, as well as their unique cellular and biochemical characteristics, this paper highlights the most recent data concerning carotenoid metabolism in Archaea, the biological properties of these pigments, and biotechnological considerations for their production at industrial scale.

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“…Originally, Fx was commercially produced from brown seaweed [ 1 , 13 , 14 ]; nowadays, and in order to meet the global demand, the use of diatoms is increasing. Aside from a 10 times higher Fx content (mg g −1 ) [ 3 ], the main advantages of using diatoms is their higher growth rate, their ability to grow both outdoors and indoors under controlled conditions, and the ease with which they can be genetically manipulated, in particular for the genetic engineering of xanthophyll production [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to pioneer works in genetic engineering [ 3 , 15 ] and synthetic biology [ 31 ], the improvement of xanthophyll synthesis can also be achieved by screening for naturally highly producing diatom strains [ 29 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ] and/or of specific growth conditions, including the light climate (photoperiod, intensity, spectrum), nutrient availability, temperature, and salinity, (see the recent syntheses [ 3 , 4 , 13 , 14 ]. As regards to light, a trade-off between cell growth and Fx and Ddx+Dtx synthesis has been reported, and is different from one species to another (see [ 37 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential for the Production of Carotenoids of Interest in the Polar Diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus

et al. 2022

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Carotenoid xanthophyll pigments are receiving growing interest in various industrial fields due to their broad and diverse bioactive and health beneficial properties. Fucoxanthin (Fx) and the inter-convertible couple diadinoxanthin–diatoxanthin (Ddx+Dtx) are acknowledged as some of the most promising xanthophylls; they are mainly synthesized by diatoms (Bacillariophyta). While temperate strains of diatoms have been widely investigated, recent years showed a growing interest in using polar strains, which are better adapted to the natural growth conditions of Nordic countries. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential of the polar diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus in producing Fx and Ddx+Dtx by means of the manipulation of the growth light climate (daylength, light intensity and spectrum) and temperature. We further compared its best capacity to the strongest xanthophyll production levels reported for temperate counterparts grown under comparable conditions. In our hands, the best growing conditions for F. cylindrus were a semi-continuous growth at 7 °C and under a 12 h light:12 h dark photoperiod of monochromatic blue light (445 nm) at a PUR of 11.7 μmol photons m−2 s−1. This allowed the highest Fx productivity of 43.80 µg L−1 day−1 and the highest Fx yield of 7.53 µg Wh−1, more than two times higher than under ‘white’ light. For Ddx+Dtx, the highest productivity (4.55 µg L−1 day−1) was reached under the same conditions of ‘white light’ and at 0 °C. Our results show that F. cylindrus, and potentially other polar diatom strains, are very well suited for Fx and Ddx+Dtx production under conditions of low temperature and light intensity, reaching similar productivity levels as model temperate counterparts such as Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The present work supports the possibility of using polar diatoms as an efficient cold and low light-adapted bioresource for xanthophyll pigments, especially usable in Nordic countries.

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Fucoxanthin from Algae to Human, an Extraordinary Bioresource: Insights and Advances in up and Downstream Processes

Cited by 52 publications

References 255 publications

Assessment of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Production from Filamentous Microalga Tribonema aequale: From Laboratory to Pilot-Scale Study

Assessment of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Production from Filamentous Microalga Tribonema aequale: From Laboratory to Pilot-Scale Study

Archaea Carotenoids: Natural Pigments with Unexplored Innovative Potential

Potential for the Production of Carotenoids of Interest in the Polar Diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus

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