Fucoxanthin@Polyvinylpyrrolidone Nanoparticles Promoted Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death in Caco-2 Human Colon Cancer Cells

Abstract

Fucoxanthin (FX), a natural carotenoid found in seaweed with multiple functional activities, is unstable with a poor water solubility that limits its utilization. This study aimed to improve FX’s stability and bioavailability via the nano-encapsulation of FX in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated FX@PVP nanoparticles (NPs). The FX@PVP NPs were evaluated in terms of their morphology, stability, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC), and in vitro release to optimize the encapsulation parameters, and a 1:8 FX:PVP ratio was found to perform the best with the highest EE (85.50 ± 0.19%) and LC (10.68 ± 0.15%) and improved FX stability. In addition, the FX@PVP NPs were shown to effectively deliver FX into Caco-2 cancer cells, and the accumulation of FX in these cancer cells showed pro-oxidative activities to ameliorate H2O2-induced damage and cell death. The FX@PVP NPs could potentially become a new therapeutical approach for targeted cancer treatment.

Photoprotective Mechanism of Fucoxanthin in Ultraviolet B Irradiation-Induced Retinal Müller Cells Based on Lipidomics Analysis

“…Cell viability levels and photoprotection were evaluated by MTT assay, a common way to evaluate the effects of various chemicals on cell growth . Briefly, RMCs were seeded in a 96-well microtiter plate at a concentration of 1 × 10 5 cells per well.…”

A Systematic Review on Marine Algae-Derived Fucoxanthin: An Update of Pharmacological Insights

“…A study conducted with fucoxanthin encapsulated into casein nanoparticles, and the same but with coated chitosan, was subjected to an in vitro assay of a simulated digestion process, representing its exposure to various enzymes and secreted fluids; nevertheless, nanoparticles containing fucoxanthin successfully transform fucoxanthinol through the gastrointestinal tract [ 111 ]. A recent study showed that fucoxanthin@polyvinylpyrrolidone nanoparticles effectively delivered fucoxanthin into human colon cancer cells in vitro, confirming a new and targeted therapeutic approach [ 113 ]. However, nano-particle-based fucoxanthin treatment should be introduced in animal models before further translation into clinical trials to evaluate the extent of bioactivity.…”

Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Effects of Microalgal Carotenoids

“…Interestingly, fucoxanthinol evidenced a more potent proapoptotic effect than FX in HCT116 cells via suppression of NF-κB activation [453]. Additionally, other studies using FX nanogels or nanoparticles to increase its bioavailability reported that these formulations exhibited a greater pro-oxidative activity than free FX, stimulating ROS-triggered apoptosis in Caco-2 cells [454,455]. In relation to hepatic cancer, FX in combination with cisplatin evidenced a higher antiproliferative activity than treatment with cisplatin alone in human hepatoma HepG2 cells through down-regulation of NF-κB expression as well as an increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio [456].…”