“…Therefore, the development of highly active electrode catalysts coupled with a suitable electrode structure and low catalyst loading is important for attaining high efficiency in DMFCs, and subsequently lowering their cost. Carbon nanomaterials are currently being considered as suitable supports for catalysts in DMFCs [13][14][15], because of their unique graphite properties combined with threedimensional flexible structures. Carbon nanofibers (CNFs), one of the promising carbon nanomaterials for supporting catalysts, have been investigated by several research groups due to their unique 1-dimensional structure, high electronic and thermal conductivities, and good electrochemical stability [16,17].…”