Fuel cell studies of perovskite-type materials for IT-SOFC

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) have the advantage of being able to operate with fuels other than hydrogen. In particular, liquid fuels are especially attractive for powering portable applications such as small power generators or auxiliary power units, in which case the direct utilization of the fuel would be convenient. Although liquid fuels are easier to handle and transport than hydrogen, their direct use in SOFC can lead to anode deactivation due to carbon formation, especially on traditional nickel/yttria stabilized zirconia (Ni/YSZ) anodes. Significant advances have been made in anodic materials that are resistant to carbon formation but often these materials are less electrochemically active than Ni/YSZ. In this review the challenges of using liquid fuels directly in SOFC, in terms of gas-phase and catalytic reactions within the anode chamber, will be discussed and the alternative anode materials so far investigated will be compared.

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“…The appearance of LSCM anodes also stimulated the study of symmetrical (i.e. same material for both electrodes) SOFC [153][154][155][156].…”

Section: Mixed-conductor Oxides Anodesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Direct Utilization of Liquid Fuels in SOFC for Portable Applications: Challenges for the Selection of Alternative Anodes

2009

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“…Therefore, the concentration of oxygen vacancies is increased and oxygen diffusion via vacancies is facilitated [10]. Because of its very good oxygen surface exchange and diffusion properties BSCF has been applied as material for oxygen separation membranes until it was also suggested as an SOFC cathode material [23,24]. However, the conductivity of Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co 0.6 Fe 0.4 O 3-d does not exceed 23 S/cm at 800°C in air [25].…”

Section: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials design for perovskite SOFC cathodes

et al. 2009

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This article focuses on perovskite materials for application as cathode material in solid oxide fuel cells. In order to develop new promising materials it is helpful to classify already known perovskite materials according to their properties and to identify certain tendencies. Thereby, composition-dependent structural data and materials properties are considered. Structural data under consideration are the Goldschmidt tolerance factor, which describes the stability of perovskites with respect to other structures, and the critical radius and lattice free volume, which are used as geometrical measures of ionic conductivity. These calculations are based on the ionic radii of the constituent ions and their applicability is discussed. A potential map of perovskites as a tool to classify simple ABO 3 perovskite materials according to their electrical conduction behavior is critically reviewed as a structured approach to the search for new cathode materials based on more complex perovskites with A and/or B-site substitutions. This article also covers the approaches used to influence electronic and the ionic conductivity. The advantage of mixed ionic electronic conductors in terms of the oxygen exchange reaction is addressed and their important properties, namely the oxygen-exchange coefficient and the oxygen diffusion coefficient, and their effect on the oxygen reduction reaction are presented.

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“…Nevertheless, synthesis temperatures of 1125°C [35] and 1000°C [36] have been mentioned, which are significantly higher than 900°C. Finally, for LSCM, heat-treatment temperatures of 1300°C, [28] 1200°C, [29] 1100°C [30] or 800°C [31] are reported for the preparation of a pure phase; most of them are still higher than 900°C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Versatile and Low‐Toxicity Route for the Production of Electroceramic Oxide Nanopowders

et al. 2008

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An alternative route to acrylamide gel polymerisation is presented for the preparation of oxide nanopowders. Within this method, cations first dissolved in an aqueous solution are subsequently trapped inside a 3D chelating gel before fast-drying, which leads to a stable precursor. Thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis studies have been performed to determine the best calcination conditions. After calcination, the resulting powders have been characterised by X-ray diffraction, FEG-scanning electron

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Fuel cell studies of perovskite-type materials for IT-SOFC

Cited by 72 publications

References 19 publications

Direct Utilization of Liquid Fuels in SOFC for Portable Applications: Challenges for the Selection of Alternative Anodes

Direct Utilization of Liquid Fuels in SOFC for Portable Applications: Challenges for the Selection of Alternative Anodes

Materials design for perovskite SOFC cathodes

A Versatile and Low‐Toxicity Route for the Production of Electroceramic Oxide Nanopowders

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