Fuel-cycle emissions for conventional and alternative fuel vehicles : an assessment of air toxics.

Winebrake, James J.; He, Daiping; Wang, M.

doi:10.2172/768564

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Emissions of these toxics differ between gasoline-and E85-fueled vehicles. Winebrake et al (45) tested gasoline and E85 vehicles and found that some toxic emissions were lower for E85 (e.g., benzene and 1,3-butadiene) while others were higher (e.g., acetaldehyde). Winebrake et al weighted the emissions by their relative toxicity and reported that the E85 vehicles demonstrated emissions benefits compared to conventional gasoline, primarily based on benzene being more toxic than acetaldehyde.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment of Switchgrass- and Corn Stover-Derived Ethanol-Fueled Automobiles

Spatari

Zhang

MacLean

2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

245

161

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Utilizing domestically produced cellulose-derived ethanol for the light-duty vehicle fleet can potentially improve the environmental performance and sustainability of the transport and energy sectors of the economy. A life cycle assessment model was developed to examine environmental implications of the production and use of ethanol in automobiles in Ontario, Canada. The results were compared to those of low-sulfur reformulated gasoline (RFG) in a functionally equivalent automobile. Two time frames were evaluated, one near-term (2010), which examines converting a dedicated energy crop (switchgrass) and an agricultural residue (corn stover) to ethanol; and one midterm (2020), which assumes technological improvements in the switchgrass-derived ethanol life cycle. Near-term results show that, compared to a RFG automobile, life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are 57% lower for an E85-fueled automobile derived from switchgrass and 65% lower for ethanol from corn stover, on a grams of CO2 equivalent per kilometer basis. Corn stover ethanol exhibits slightly lower life cycle GHG emissions, primarily due to sharing emissions with grain production. Through projected improvements in crop and ethanol yields, results for the mid-term scenario show that GHG emissions could be 25-35% lower than those in 2010 and that, even with anticipated improvements in RFG automobiles, E85 automobiles could still achieve up to 70% lower GHG emissions across the life cycle.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment of Switchgrass- and Corn Stover-Derived Ethanol-Fueled Automobiles

Spatari

Zhang

MacLean

2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

245

161

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…21 TFCA considers energy use and emissions in each stage of fuel production and use, from the extraction or harvesting of feedstock (e.g., petroleum from the ground or soybeans from the field) to vehicles' end use of the processed fuel. [22][23][24][25] Each stage in the fuel cycle includes activities that produce GHGs and other emissions. Figure 1 demonstrates the upstream and downstream stages of the TFC.…”

Section: Analytical Approach: Tfc Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Fuel-Cycle Analysis of Heavy-Duty Vehicles Using Biofuels and Natural Gas-Based Alternative Fuels

Meyer

Green

Corbett

et al. 2011

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) present a growing energy and environmental concern worldwide. These vehicles rely almost entirely on diesel fuel for propulsion and create problems associated with local pollution, climate change, and energy security. Given these problems and the expected global expansion of HDVs in transportation sectors, industry and governments are pursuing biofuels and natural gas as potential alternative fuels for HDVs. Using recent lifecycle datasets, this paper evaluates the energy and emissions impacts of these fuels in the HDV sector by conducting a total fuel-cycle (TFC) analysis for Class 8 HDVs for six fuel pathways: (1) petroleum to ultra low sulfur diesel; (2) petroleum and soyoil to biodiesel (methyl soy ester); (3) petroleum, ethanol, and oxygenate to e-diesel; (4) petroleum and natural gas to Fischer-Tropsch diesel; (5) natural gas to compressed natural gas; and (6) natural gas to liquefied natural gas. TFC emissions are evaluated for three greenhouse gases (GHGs) (carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane) and five other pollutants (volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and sulfur oxides), along with estimates of total energy and petroleum consumption associated with each of the six fuel pathways. Results show definite advantages with biodiesel and compressed natural gas for most pollutants, negligible benefits for e-diesel, and increased GHG emissions for liquefied natural gas and Fischer-Tropsch diesel (from natural gas).

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Beyond the combustion motor: a MCDM-based approach to analyse the alternative fuel vehicle decision from the customers' point of view

Boix-Cots,

Ishizaka,

Fuente

et al. 2024

Journal of Cleaner Production

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Fuel-cycle emissions for conventional and alternative fuel vehicles : an assessment of air toxics.

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Life Cycle Assessment of Switchgrass- and Corn Stover-Derived Ethanol-Fueled Automobiles

Life Cycle Assessment of Switchgrass- and Corn Stover-Derived Ethanol-Fueled Automobiles

Total Fuel-Cycle Analysis of Heavy-Duty Vehicles Using Biofuels and Natural Gas-Based Alternative Fuels

Beyond the combustion motor: a MCDM-based approach to analyse the alternative fuel vehicle decision from the customers' point of view

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