“…The thickness of the beam tube is 14.1 mm, and both the water gap and the cooling shroud thickness are assumed to be 3 mm. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] These calculations assumed that no heat is generated in the water between the shroud and the beam tube, The heat generated in the beam tube wall is transferred to the water gap. From the water gap, this heat is transferred to the inside surface of the cooling shroud, and the heat from there, together with the heat generated in the cooling shroud wall, is transferred to the water outside of the cooling shroud by natural convection.…”