Fuel requirements of spark ignition engines

Kalghatgi, Gautam; Stone, Richard

doi:10.1177/0954407016684741

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The solvent-washed gum content in most of the oxygenated LCCG samples (samples G2–G8, Table ) is lower than that in the parent LCCG (sample G1) and does not exceed the maximum allowed value (5 mg/100 mL) for conventional gasoline fuels. ,,, …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Reducing the Olefin Content in Light Fluid Catalytic Cracking Gasoline by Treatment with Nitrous Oxide

Дубков

Семиколенов

Иванов

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is a greenhouse gas with high global warming potential. Currently, only a small part of concentrated industrial N 2 O emissions is used to obtain valuable chemical products. Most of these emissions are neutralized by thermal or catalytic decomposition, which is associated with additional costs and, in the case of a thermal process, is accompanied by the formation of significant amounts of carbon dioxide. In the present work, nitrous oxide was used for the first time for the oxidative treatment of light catalytic cracked gasoline (LCCG). LCCG is one of the blending components of motor gasoline. However, it contains a significant amount of olefins, which negatively affects the storage stability of fuel. The conversion of olefins into oxygenates is one of the promising approaches to improving the performance of gasoline fuels. The treatment of LCCG with N 2 O was performed noncatalytically in the liquid phase at 473−523 K and elevated pressure. Under these conditions, N 2 O selectively oxidizes only olefinic compounds in LCCG to form carbonyl products (mainly ketones) and molecular nitrogen without affecting other components of LCCG. An increase in the content of oxygen, which was introduced into gasoline from N 2 O as the carbonyl product, to 2.3 wt % is accompanied by a nearly proportional growth of antiknock indexes from 88.2 for the parent LCCG to 89.5 for the most oxygenated LCCG.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Reducing the Olefin Content in Light Fluid Catalytic Cracking Gasoline by Treatment with Nitrous Oxide

Дубков

Семиколенов

Иванов

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The impact of transportation on climate change has caused both global and national incentives to increase the amount of renewable fuels used in internal combustion engines (ICEs) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Liquid biofuels show advantages compared to gaseous alternatives as they exhibit higher energy density and are compatible with current infrastructure [7][8][9]. For utilisation in direct-injected spark-ignited (DISI) engines, oxygenated biofuels (such as alcohols and ethers) are promising as they exhibit similar combustion behaviour to gasoline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Pure Oxygenated Biofuels on Efficiency and Emissions in a Gasoline Optimised DISI Engine

et al. 2021

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The negative impact of transport on climate has led to incentives to increase the amount of renewable fuels used in internal combustion engines (ICEs). Oxygenated, liquid biofuels are promising alternatives, as they exhibit similar combustion behaviour to gasoline. In this article, the effect of the different biofuels on engine efficiency, combustion propagation and emissions of a gasoline-optimised direct injected spark ignited (DISI) engine were evaluated through engine experiments. The experiments were performed without any engine hardware modifications. The investigated fuels are gasoline, four alcohols (methanol, ethanol, n-butanol and iso-butanol) and one ether (MTBE). All fuels were tested at two speed sweeps at low and mid load conditions, and a spark timing sweep at low load conditions. The oxygenated biofuels exhibit increased efficiencies, even at non-knock-limited conditions. At lower loads, the oxygenated fuels decrease CO, HC and NOx emissions. However, at mid load conditions, decreased volatility of the alcohols leads to increased emissions due to fuel impingement effects. Methanol exhibited the highest efficiencies and significantly increased burn rates compared to the other fuels. Gasoline exhibited the lowest level of PN and PM emissions. N-butanol and iso-butanol show significantly increased levels of particle emissions compared to the other fuels.

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“…In addition, ethanol laminar flame speed is higher than gasoline, this reduces the combustion duration, which decreases heat losses [25]. However, the lower heat value (LHV) of ethanol increasing fuel consumption and reduces the tank mileage of a vehicle [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efeitos da Variação dos Eventos de Válvulas na Combustão, Desempenho e Emissões de um Motor de Ignição por Centelha operando em Carga Parcial com Etanol

Golke¹,

Rohrig²,

Prante³

et al. 2021

Blucher Engineering Proceedings

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The stricter legislation on pollutant emissions and the demand for less CO2 per km has been driven the industry on a pursuit trade off in internal combustion engines (ICE). Urban area frequently stands for engine part load operation. For this reason, high engine performance on this map region is essential to mitigate greenhouse gas emission and improve urban air quality. However, spark ignition engine efficiency is worsened by load control method in part load that increase the pumping loses. Therefore, the present work investigated the effects on combustion, performance and emissions by varying the intake and exhaust valve timings. The tests were carried out in a three-cylinder 1.0 l engine with direct injection system. The engine was fueled with hydrous ethanol and the tests were performed at 4 and 8 bar IMEP, 1500 rpm and stoichiometric lambda. The valve timing setting was from a locked position of 5 CAD of NVO to 85 CAD of PVO. The spark timing was adjusted to maintain the CA50 at 10 CAD aTDCf. The injection timing and pressure were kept at 30 CAD aTDCi and 100 bar. The COVIMEP was limited at 3%. The results showed slightly increase in engine efficiency and decrease of NOX emission with higher positive valve overlap.

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Fuel requirements of spark ignition engines

Cited by 18 publications

References 52 publications

Reducing the Olefin Content in Light Fluid Catalytic Cracking Gasoline by Treatment with Nitrous Oxide

Reducing the Olefin Content in Light Fluid Catalytic Cracking Gasoline by Treatment with Nitrous Oxide

The Effect of Pure Oxygenated Biofuels on Efficiency and Emissions in a Gasoline Optimised DISI Engine

Efeitos da Variação dos Eventos de Válvulas na Combustão, Desempenho e Emissões de um Motor de Ignição por Centelha operando em Carga Parcial com Etanol

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