Fuel-rich propene and acetylene flames: a comparison of their flame chemistries

Lamprecht, Axel; Atakan, Burak; Kohse-Höö, K.

doi:10.1016/s0010-2180(00)00140-1

Cited by 62 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Numerous MBMS studies exist on premixed laminar low-pressure flames fueled by methane [194][195][196][197][198][199][200] and the C 2 species acetylene [87,158,[201][202][203], ethylene [59,60,178,196,204,205], and ethane [198][199][200]206]. Pope and Miller [148] chose data from low-pressure flat flames fueled by acetylene [207], ethylene [60], and propene [208] to explore benzene formation pathways.…”

Section: Experimental and Modeling Flame Studies Of Benzene Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This conclusion is also supported by the isomer-specific detection of C 4 H 3 and C 4 H 5 in fuel-rich flames as discussed in Section 3.1.1. The above-mentioned models could now be compared with new experimental data sets of a rich acetylene flame by Lamprecht et al [202] or an isomer-specific data set of a stoichiometric ethylene flame from Zhang et al [178]. Results of Delfau and Vovelle suggest that polyacetylenic hydrocarbons cannot be considered as active intermediates responsible for the formation of soot in C 2 H 2 -O 2 flames [212].…”

Section: Experimental and Modeling Flame Studies Of Benzene Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above-mentioned propargyl þ propargyl recombination reaction was also found to be the dominant source of benzene in rich flames fueled by propene (C 3 H 6 ) [84,87,202,208,213]. Besides C 3 H 6 , the two isomeric forms of C 3 H 4 allene (CH 2 ]C]CH 2 ) and propyne (CH 3 -C^CH) have been used as fuels in low-pressure flat flames to investigate benzene formation routes.…”

Section: Experimental and Modeling Flame Studies Of Benzene Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent contributions of flame-sampling molecular-beam mass spectrometry to a fundamental understanding of combustion chemistry

Hansen

Cool

Westmoreland

et al. 2009

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

335

261

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a b s t r a c tFlame-sampling molecular-beam mass spectrometry of premixed, laminar, low-pressure flat flames has been demonstrated to be an efficient tool to study combustion chemistry. In this technique, flame gases are sampled through a small opening in a quartz probe, and after formation of a molecular beam, all flame species are separated using mass spectrometry. The present review focuses on critical aspects of the experimental approach including probe sampling effects, different ionization processes, and mass separation procedures. The capability for isomer-resolved flame species measurements, achievable by employing tunable vacuum-ultraviolet radiation for single-photon ionization, has greatly benefited flame-sampling molecular-beam mass spectrometry. This review also offers an overview of recent combustion chemistry studies of flames fueled by hydrocarbons and oxygenates. The identity of a variety of intermediates in hydrocarbon flames, including resonantly stabilized radicals and closed-shell intermediates, is described, thus establishing a more detailed understanding of the fundamentals of molecular-weight growth processes. Finally, molecular-beam mass-spectrometric studies of reaction paths in flames of alcohols, ethers, and esters, which have been performed to support the development and validation of kinetic models for bio-derived alternative fuels, are reviewed.

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Section: Experimental and Modeling Flame Studies Of Benzene Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental and Modeling Flame Studies Of Benzene Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental and Modeling Flame Studies Of Benzene Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Recent contributions of flame-sampling molecular-beam mass spectrometry to a fundamental understanding of combustion chemistry

Hansen

Cool

Westmoreland

et al. 2009

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

335

261

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The identification of the main benzene formation pathways was based on a comparison of formation rates computed from the species mole profiles of most probable benzene precursors and rate constants taken from the literature. As expected, the maximum mole fraction of the C 3 H 3 and C 3 H 5 radicals is higher in the propene flame than in the acetylene flame with the same C/O ratio [59]. Rich cyclopentene [60] and 1,3-pentadiene [61] flames were studied to check C 5 radicals as benzene precursors, as proposed by Moskaleva et al [62] and Melius et al [63].…”

Section: Benzene Formation In Flamesmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…A systematic experimental study of the structure of rich hydrocarbon-O 2 -Ar flames was recently undertaken [59][60][61] to enhance different pathways of C 6 H 6 formation by using fuels with different structure. Species mole fraction profiles were measured by the MBMS technique, and temperature profiles were measured by LIF of seeded NO (0.5%).…”

Section: Benzene Formation In Flamesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laminar hydrocarbon flame structure

Vovelle

Delfau

Pillier

2009

Combust Explos Shock Waves

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From the very first experimental studies, based essentially on flame propagation velocity and flame emission measurements, successive improvements in analytical and numerical techniques have contributed to make the analysis of laminar flame structure a powerful tool for extending the knowledge on combustion chemistry, thermodynamics, and transport properties. This better knowledge is very beneficial to design efficient combustion devices with reduced pollutant emission. Overall net species production rates are derived from the experimental determination of the evolution of the gas stream velocity, temperature, and species concentrations in the direction normal to the flame front. For species involved in a limited number of reactions, rate constants can be calculated at the next step. The development, in the early 1980s, of numerical codes for simulating the structure of one-dimensional laminar premixed flames the flame structure data to be directly used for validating detailed reaction mechanisms. Species analyses are still performed with techniques based on local gas sampling by probes, despite flame perturbations, but flame structure analyses have been markedly enriched by the use of non-intrusive spectroscopic techniques. The former allow the analysis of a large variety of species, and they have proven to be very well adapted to the large number of intermediate species formed in rich flames or in flames fed by heavy fuel molecules. The molecular beam mass spectrometry technique has been recently improved by the use of new photoionization sources that allow identification of isomers and extend the knowledge on intermediate species involved in formation ofbenzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and soot in flames. Amongst various spectroscopic techniques applied to flame structure analyses, laser-induced fluorescence has been largely used to perform accurate quantitative measurements of intermediate radicals that play a key role in the prompt-NO mechanism. In this study, the contribution of flame structure studies to a better knowledge of formation mechanisms of benzene and NO x is briefly reviewed.

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Liquid Biofuels: Biodiesel and Bioalcohols

Skevis

2010

Handbook of Combustion

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The development of alternative, renewable fuels is of global importance due to concerns regarding global warming, environmental protection and diversity and security of energy supply. Liquid oxygenated biofuels in particular, such as biodiesel and bioethanol, provide the potential for superior engine performance coupled with reduced particulate emissions, and are increasingly gaining acceptance and market share in the energy and transportation sectors. This chapter provides a concise review of the current knowledge on biodiesel and bioalcohol combustion science and technology. An overview is given of biodiesel and bioalcohol production technologies. An outline of important physical and chemical properties of biofuels is presented and the dependence of biodiesel fuel properties on alkyl ester structure is discussed. Reliable performance and emissions predictions are very much dependent on the availability and performance of detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms. The combustion chemistry of ethanol is fairly well established and is reviewed in detail. Recent developments in the kinetic modeling of propanol and butanol isomers are also presented. The combustion chemistry of biodiesel surrogates is also reviewed. The effects of using neat or blended biofuels on internal combustion engine performance and exhaust emissions is thoroughly reviewed. The feasibility of biofuel use in aviation is also explored. The chapter finally briefly reviews life cycle analyses that assess the environmental performance of liquid biofuels as compared with conventional fuels.

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Fuel-rich propene and acetylene flames: a comparison of their flame chemistries

Cited by 62 publications

References 18 publications

Recent contributions of flame-sampling molecular-beam mass spectrometry to a fundamental understanding of combustion chemistry

Recent contributions of flame-sampling molecular-beam mass spectrometry to a fundamental understanding of combustion chemistry

Laminar hydrocarbon flame structure

Liquid Biofuels: Biodiesel and Bioalcohols

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