Fuel savings and CO2 emissions for tri-generation systems

Minciuc, Eduard; Corre, Olivier Le; Athanasovici, V.; Tazerout, Mohand

doi:10.1016/s1359-4311(03)00068-1

Cited by 37 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The most common technological pairing has been found to be an ICE with a VAS (Minciuc, Le Corre et al, 2003;Al-Sulaiman, Hamdullahpur et al, 2011;Wu, Wang et al, 2014). No research publications have been found describing a SOFC or even fuel cell based liquid desiccant tri-generation system.…”

Section: Tri-generation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel SOFC Tri-generation System for Building Applications

Elmer

2017

Springer Theses

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i AbstractIn response to the critical need to decarbonise the built environment, alternative methods for more effective energy utilisation need to be explored including trigeneration systems.Tri-generation is the simultaneous generation of electricity, heating and/or cooling from a single fuel source. Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and liquid desiccant demonstrate many characteristics that make them an attractive option in the development of an efficient and effective tri-generation system. SOFCs have high operational electrical efficiencies and a thermal output in good agreement with the low temperature regeneration requirement of liquid desiccants.The aim of this thesis is to design, develop and test an efficient and effective proof of concept tri-generation system based on SOFC and liquid desiccant air conditioning technology for building applications. An extensive review of the literature shows that no previous work has been reported on such a system. The research has critically examined, both theoretically and experimentally, the novel tri-generation system concept.Simulations show tri-generation system efficiencies of up to 71% are achievable at a 1.5kW e capacity, which are encouraging values for a system of this size. An integration analysis, based on empirical data, provides good agreement with the simulations. At a 1.5kW e output, a tri-generation efficiency of 69% has been demonstrated. The inclusion of liquid desiccant air conditioning provides an efficiency increase of up to 15% compared to SOFC electrical operation only, demonstrating the merit of the novel tri-generation system in applications that require simultaneous electrical power, heating and dehumidification/cooling. An experimental system, using a micro-tubular SOFC shows the novel system can generate 150W of electrical power, 443W of heat or 279W of cooling. Instantaneous tri-generation system efficiency is low at around 25%. This is primarily due to the low capacity and poor performance of the micro-tubular SOFC. Although the performance is low, the experimental results demonstrate regeneration of a potassium formate desiccant solution using the thermal output from the microtubular SOFC in the first of its kind tri-generation system. The thesis has established that a clear operational advantage of the novel SOFC liquid desiccant Abstract f ii tri-generation system is the potential for nonsynchronous operation. The constant SOFC thermal output can be used to re-concentrate the desiccant solution as a form of thermal energy storage. Unlike thermal storage techniques based on sensible energy, a significant advantage of (chemical) thermal energy storage in the form of strong desiccant solution is that there are minimal losses over time.Using this nonsynchronous operating concept, the experimental system can generate an increased peak cooling output of up to 527W and a daily tri-generation efficiency of 38%.An economic assessment demonstrates questionable performance; however this is anticipated to improve with SOFC capital cost reduct...

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Section: Tri-generation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel SOFC Tri-generation System for Building Applications

Elmer

2017

Springer Theses

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“…District cooling systems (DCSs), which generate cold water in a central plant that is distributed to end uses to fulfill its cooling demands, have become a widely used solution for large-area buildings in many countries [1,2]. Generally, there are two types of DCSs that differ according to the type of water that is produced at the central plant; the two types are as follows: (1) a centralized chilled water system; and, (2) a centralized cooling water system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the first type, the central chiller is designed to have large cooling capacity to promote a high coefficient of performance (COP); additionally, the removal of terminal chillers makes it possible to more efficiently utilize the building space [3]. It also provides an ideal platform for interrelated thermal technologies implementing tri-generation [2] or thermal storage [4]. The second system, also referred to as the water-loop heat pump system, produces cooling water via a cooling tower or natural sources, such as seawater and transports it to end-use chillers [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Performance Analysis of an Integrated Distributed Variable-Frequency Pump and Water Storage System for District Cooling Systems

2017

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Abstract:In a district cooling system (DCS), the distribution system (i.e., cooling water system or chilled water system) will continue to be a critical consideration because it substantially contributes to the total energy consumption. Thus, in this paper, a new distributed variable-frequency pump (DVFP) system with water storage (WS) for cooling water is adapted to a DCS with large end-use cooling load fluctuations. The basic principle and energy saving potential of the new system is analyzed. A case study of a DCS with a conventional central circulating pump (CCCP) system is presented to compare the energy consumption and the operating performance of CCCP and DVFP systems that are exposed to various weather conditions. The methods to perform this case study include, cooling load simulation and the modeling of two water distribution networks and systems via several commercial software packages. By replacing the throttling valves with a DVFP, the pump efficiency is increased and transportation energy consumption is reduced. Additionally, by introducing water tank storage, the cooling water is cooled at night and is released at a peak hour during the daytime, thereby further reducing the energy cost. As compared to the field test results of the CCCP system, the daily electrical energy saved by the DVFP and WS system is approximately 57% for a cooling water pump system on the hottest day in summer. This value also corresponds to approximately 10% of the energy saved for the entire system. Furthermore, additional energy could be saved under partial loading conditions.

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“…Nelson et al [15] defined Building Primary Energy Ratio (BPER) as a parameter to guarantee better energy performance of a CCHP system. Other researchers have investigated CO 2 emissions reduction as a criterion to evaluate the performance of CCHP system, like Kari and Arto [16], Nelson et al [17], Gianfranco and Pierluigi [18], Monica et al [19], Lund et al [20], Minciuc et al [21], Pierluigi and Gianfranco [22], Neil and Alexander [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Assessments of Combined Cooling, Heating and Power Systems in Various Operation Modes for a Building in China, Dalian

Li¹,

Mu²,

Li³

2013

Energies

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Combined Cooling, Heating and Power (CCHP) systems have been widely used in different kinds of buildings to make better use of fuels because of their high overall efficiency. This paper presents a mathematical analysis of a CCHP system in comparison to a Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system. The operation strategies following electric load (FEL), thermal load (FTL) and a hybrid electric-thermal load (FHL) are proposed and investigated in this study. Criteria, namely primary energy saving (PES), exergy efficiency (η exergy ), and CO 2 emission reduction (CER) are defined to evaluate the performances of CCHP systems for a hypothetical building located in Dalian (China). The results indicate that: (1) a new mathematical foundation is established to find whether the recovered thermal energy and the amount of electricity generated by the power generation unit (PGU) are enough to provide the energy required; (2) the CCHP system does not always perform better than a HVAC system from an instantaneous perspective, especially in FTL mode; (3) the CCHP system in FEL operation mode can be seen as a suitable energy system in Dalian from the annual performance perspective. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is presented in order to show how the performances vary due to the changes of various technical variables.

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Fuel savings and CO2 emissions for tri-generation systems

Cited by 37 publications

References 8 publications

A Novel SOFC Tri-generation System for Building Applications

A Novel SOFC Tri-generation System for Building Applications

Energy Performance Analysis of an Integrated Distributed Variable-Frequency Pump and Water Storage System for District Cooling Systems

Analysis and Assessments of Combined Cooling, Heating and Power Systems in Various Operation Modes for a Building in China, Dalian

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