Full-Genome Analysis of a Canine Pneumovirus Causing Acute Respiratory Disease in Dogs, Italy

Abstract

An outbreak of canine infectious respiratory disease (CIRD) associated to canine pneumovirus (CnPnV) infection is reported. The outbreak occurred in a shelter of the Apulia region and involved 37 out of 350 dogs that displayed cough and/or nasal discharge with no evidence of fever. The full-genomic characterisation showed that the causative agent (strain Bari/100-12) was closely related to CnPnVs that have been recently isolated in the USA, as well as to murine pneumovirus, which is responsible for respiratory disease in mice. The present study represents a useful contribution to the knowledge of the pathogenic potential of CnPnV and its association with CIRD in dogs. Further studies will elucidate the pathogenicity and epidemiology of this novel pneumovirus, thus addressing the eventual need for specific vaccines.

Molecular surveillance of traditional and emerging pathogens associated with canine infectious respiratory disease

“…As for the emerging CIRD agents, only CRCoV and CnPnV were found to circulate in Italian dogs, as previously shown (Decaro et al, 2007b(Decaro et al, , 2014. However, neither single nor mixed infections caused by these pathogens were statistically associated to any clinical category.…”

“…Canine adenovirus 1 (CAdV-1) and canine distemper virus (CDV) infections are also involved in the development of respiratory disease, but they are usually characterized by multi-organ involvement (Decaro et al, 2008b(Decaro et al, , 2007a. Apart from these pathogens, a plethora of emerging agents have been recently associated to CIRD, including canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) (Erles et al, 2003;Decaro et al, 2007b), canine pneumovirus (CnPnV) (Renshaw et al, 2010;Decaro et al, 2014), non-primate canine hepacivirus (NPCHV) (Kapoor et al, 2011;El-Attar et al, 2015), canine bocaviruses (CBoV) (Kapoor et al, 2012) and the bacterial species Mycoplasma cynos (Chalker et al, 2004) and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (Chalker et al, 2003;Priestnall et al, 2010).…”

Establishment and characterization of a telomerase-immortalized canine bronchiolar epithelial cell line

“…This disease possesses a multifactorial etiology, wherein multiple pathogens act sequentially or synergistically to cause the disease, which is common within large dog populations (Mitchell and Brownlie 2015). Currently, a number of viruses such as canine influenza virus (Crawford et al 2005;Song et al 2008), canine parainfluenza virus (Chen et al 2012;Weese and Stull 2013), canine pneumovirus (Decaro et al 2014;Mitchell et al 2013), canine distemper virus (Carvalho et al 2012;Ulrich et al 2014); bacteria such as Streptococcus (Jaeger et al 2013) and Bordetella bronchiseptica (Ellis et al 2014); and other pathogenic microorganisms, such as cardiopulmonary parasitic nematodes (Traversa et al 2010), are thought to lead to canine respiratory diseases. However, compared with pathogens in humans, avian species or other mammals such as swine and mice, pathophysiological studies of canine pathogens have been largely performed in separate organs or tissues (Kang et al 2013;Zeng et al 2013).…”

Feral swine virome is dominated by single-stranded DNA viruses and contains a novel Orthopneumovirus which circulates both in feral and domestic swine

“…CPV has subsequently been identified in dogs with respiratory disease in Italy and the UK (Mitchell et al, 2013;Decaro et al, 2014). The finding of viruses closely related to MPV in multiple species with an etiological role in disease demonstrates the propensity of MPV-like viruses for interspecies transmission.…”