Full-scale Testing of Ground Anchors in Neogene Clay

Štefaňák, Jan; Miča, Lumír; Chalmovský, Juraj; Leiter, Augustin; Tichý, Pavel

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2017.02.170

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Multiple nail-soil tests were performed in a pull-out box. Full-scale tests are presented in [ 47 ]. All anchors were tested according to [ 45 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The investigation test using the cyclic load test procedure was conducted, and after reaching the maximum level of the prestressing force in every cycle, the force was kept constant, and the displacement of the tendon was measured and recorded at specified times. In the tests [ 47 ], all boreholes for anchors were drilled vertically. Rotary drilling without casing was used to drill the boreholes; however, this is not typical for anchors that are drilled diagonally or horizontally.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genetic and geomorphological diversity of the subsoil material not only affects the physical characteristics of the substrate in which the fixed anchor tests are performed but also presents difficulties in describing its rheological characteristics [ 47 ]. There are many methods of creep testing for soils and soft rocks: these are methods for loading large-scale cylindrical loads [ 48 ].…”

Section: Modeling Methodology For Time-dependent Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Anthropogenic Substrate Variability Based on Non-Destructive Testing of Ground Anchors

et al. 2021

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The purpose of this paper is to describe the variability of soil rheological properties based on research carried out using load tests of ground anchors under complex geotechnical conditions. The heterogeneity of soil should always be considered when designing geotechnical constructions. In the present case, the earthwork created at the Warsaw Slope revealed an embankment of anthropogenic origin, located in a geologically and geomorphologically complex area of the Vistula valley slope. Excavation protection was anchored mainly in soils of anthropogenic origin. When the acceptance tests of the ground anchor were completed, the subsoil randomness was confirmed using nondirect, geostatistical methods. A standard solid rheological model with nonlinear fitting to the data was used. This model was established to describe the creeping activity of the ground anchor more accurately. The characteristics of man-made embankments were described using the parameters obtained with the rheological model of the subsoil.

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“…Multiple nail-soil tests were performed in a pull-out box. Full-scale tests are presented in [ 47 ]. All anchors were tested according to [ 45 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modeling Methodology For Time-dependent Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluation of Anthropogenic Substrate Variability Based on Non-Destructive Testing of Ground Anchors

et al. 2021

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“…The bearing capacity of the anchors was predicted and designed as a deterministic value based on an empirical formulation; however, due to the random nature of the subsoil, the final verification was conducted using creep tests after a static pull-out load test [39,40]. The locations of the tested anchors and cross-sections through the excavation are shown in Figure 10.…”

Section: Description Of the Modern (Current) Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Historical Earthworks of the Warsaw Citadel

2020

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In this study, we analyzed the methods and technologies used for constructing earthworks and military engineering in the latter period before the industrial revolution in Poland. The research object, the Warsaw Citadel, is a source of knowledge about military heritage from the aspect of conservation and protection of specific engineering achievements, which were dictated by early Russian geopolitical doctrine. Within the framework of the ongoing project of material heritage protection and popularization of history, the fortress has been transformed into a modern museum building. The new symbolic message of architecture was redefined, leaving behind the gloomy dominance elements in the scenery of the nearby city. In this study, reception tests of ground anchors were used for analysis. They were treated as a tool to determine the heterogeneity of fortification of historical earthworks. In the presented calculation procedure, limitations in the availability of geotechnical tests were overcome. Geological terrain layout and embankment excavation technology significantly impacted their quality and reliability. Currently, the embankments are slashed with anchored retaining walls. Ground anchors were used at short distances and were tested according to the national standard procedures. The results of the load tests are based on the physical properties of the subsoil, the conditions of contact with the supporting elements of the anchors, and the material properties. The soil interaction with the anchors is described using a rheological model, the constants of which were obtained using a fractional derivative model. The spatial variability of the rheological model parameters is presented using theoretical semivariograms matching the empirical data. The semivariograms explain the spatial correlation of the tested constants of the rheological model of the substrate with the anchors. The results of non-destructive testing were influenced by factors such as time and consolidation processes. The obtained results allowed us to directly draw conclusions about the repetitiveness of embankment features and indirectly about the quality of their construction.

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“…By applying displacement-shear stress theory and finite element analysis (FEA), the shear stress in the anchorage zone is distributed following a Gaussian function along the anchorage length. Through various in situ and laboratory tests [11], the distribution characteristics of axial force within the anchorage zone was obtained [12]. Despite the aforementioned research, no consensus has been reached as to the stress distribution in the anchorage zone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Load transfer mechanism and critical length of anchorage zone for anchor bolt

Xu¹,

Tian²

2020

PLoS ONE

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The length of anchorage zone of an anchor bolt affects the distribution of axial force and shear stress therein. Based on a shear-displacement model, the load distribution of anchor bolts in the elastic deformation stage was analysed. Moreover, the mechanical response of threaded steel anchor bolts with different anchorage lengths was explored through pull-out test and numerical simulation. The results showed that axial force and shear stress were negatively exponentially distributed within the anchorage zone of anchor bolts in which there were the maximum axial force and shear stress at the beginning of the anchorage zone. In the elastic deformation stage of the anchorage, the longer the anchorage length, the more uniformly the shear stress was distributed within the anchorage zone and the larger the ultimate shear stress; however, there was a critical anchorage length, which, when exceeded, the ultimate shear stress remained unchanged. The calculation formula for the critical anchorage length was deduced and a reasonable anchorage length determined. The research result provides an important theoretical basis for rapid design of support parameters for anchor bolts.

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Full-scale Testing of Ground Anchors in Neogene Clay

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Evaluation of Anthropogenic Substrate Variability Based on Non-Destructive Testing of Ground Anchors

Evaluation of Anthropogenic Substrate Variability Based on Non-Destructive Testing of Ground Anchors

The Historical Earthworks of the Warsaw Citadel

Load transfer mechanism and critical length of anchorage zone for anchor bolt

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